A Gibberellin Response Complex in Cereal a-Amylase Gene Promoters

Lanahan, Michael B.; Ho, Tuan‐Hua David; Rogers, Sally W.; Rogers, John C.

doi:10.2307/3869573

Cited by 64 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

161

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Protoplasts were microinjected with a plasmid containing the amylase or Em promoter fused to P-glucuronidose (GUS) (plasmids JR249 or pBM113, respectively). The amylase promoter drives GUS expression in a hormonally regulated manner in aleurone cells and protoplasts (Lanahan et al, 1992;Hillmer et al. 1993;Gilroy and Jones, 1994).…”

Section: Transient Expression In Protoplastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to JR249 or pBM113, protoplasts were simultaneously microinjected with a plasmid containing the ubiquitin promoter fused to luciferase (LUC; pAHC18). The ubiquitin promoter is constitutively expressed in barley aleurone cells (Lanahan et al, 1992). Thus, the level of GUS was used to indicate the activity of the amylase or Em promoter and the level of LUC the efficiency of transformation.…”

Section: Transient Expression In Protoplastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the level of GUS was used to indicate the activity of the amylase or Em promoter and the level of LUC the efficiency of transformation. The ratio of GUS-to-LUC activity was used to normalize for variations in transformation elficiency between protoplasts and reflected the level of hormonal regulation of the amylase or Em promoter (Lanahan et al, 1992;Gilroy and Jones, 1994).…”

Section: Transient Expression In Protoplastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, for example, the hormonally responsive elements in the promoters of the amylase genes have been identifbd (e.g., Jacobsen and Close, 1991;Lanahan et al, 1992;Rogers et al, 1994), and DNA binding proteins have been proposed as putative regulators of amylase gene expression (e.g., Sutliff et al, 1993;Gubler et al, 1995;Rushton et al, 1995). Similarly, ultrastructural changes in the secretory apparatus that accompany GA stimulation have been determined (Hillmer et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Signal Transduction in Barley Aleurone Protoplasts Is Calcium Dependent and Independent.

Gilroy

1996

Plant Cell

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gibberellic acid (GA) increases Ca2+ and calmodulin (CaM) levels in barley aleurone cells, and abscisic acid (ABA) antagonizes the GA effect. These alterations in cytoplasmic Ca2+ and CaM have been suggested to be central regulators of the secretory response of the barley aleurone. Using microinjection of caged Ca2+, Ca2+ chelators, and CaM, we mimicked or blocked these hormonally induced changes in Ca2+ and CaM and assessed their effects on GA and ABA action. Although mimicking GA-induced changes in Ca2+ and CaM did not mimic GA action, blocking these changes did prevent GA stimulation of secretion. The induction of the amylase gene by GA was, however, unaffected. Similarly, blocking the decrease in Ca2+ normally caused by ABA in these cells blocked ABA action, except that induction of Em gene transcription by ABA was unaffected. These results suggest that GA and ABA signals are transduced by Ca2+-and CaM-dependent and Ca2+-and CaM-independent systems in the aleurone cell.

show abstract

Section: Transient Expression In Protoplastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transient Expression In Protoplastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transient Expression In Protoplastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Signal Transduction in Barley Aleurone Protoplasts Is Calcium Dependent and Independent.

Gilroy

1996

Plant Cell

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The amino acid sequence of the Opaque-2 DNA-binding domain is similar to the region of the Em-binding protein (a well characterized ABA-related transcription factor ; Guiltinan, Marcotte & Quatrano, 1990) that binds ABAresponsive promoter elements. The Opaque-2 binding domain also has homology to the DNA-binding domain of a transcription factor that binds to the TGACGT motif (also part of an O2S element) in histone gene promoters (Schmidt et al, 1990 ;Lohmer et al, 1991 ;Lanahan et al, 1992). The O2S motif is found in ABA-regulated genes such as RAB (Mundy, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki & Chua, 1990) and Opaque-2 has been shown to regulate the expression of seed storage proteins during maturation (Lohmer et al, 1991).…”

Section: Transcriptional Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gibberellins: regulating genes and germination

Ritchie

Gilroy

1998

New Phytologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The range of processes regulated by gibberellins (GAs) covers all aspects of the life history of the plant from seed germination to vegetative growth and flowering. In seeds there has been an intensive search, using the techniques of both biochemistry and cell biology, for the regulatory molecules linking GA perception to gene regulation and the events of germination. Although a GA receptor has yet to be identified, the site of perception has been localized to the plasma membrane. Calmodulin, Ca2+ and cGMP have also been identified as elements of the GA signal transduction pathway. These regulators parallel many of the signalling elements identified in the transduction of other signals such as phytochrome and ABA. Studies of GA‐regulated gene expression, principally of the α‐amylases of cereal aleurone, have identified core GA‐responsive promoter elements, such as the gibberellin response element (GARE), box‐1 and pyrimidine boxes, as well as elements that may lend specificity to GA‐regulated expression, such as the Opaque‐2‐similar element (O2S), and TRE and CRE motifs. One of the most striking features of all of these studies of the molecular basis of GA action is the interaction of GA‐dependent regulatory elements with those of other factors such as ABA. GA‐response elements also appear to be conserved between disparate GA‐response systems. For example, Myb transcription factors appear to regulate a multitude of GA‐induced genes in cereal aleurone as well as to alter GA responses when expressed in Arabidopsis. Thus the study of GA signal transduction and response systems is highlighting the conservation of regulatory elements used by plants. These common factors, used by distinct signal transduction systems, provide a molecular basis for the integration of the GA signal with other growth regulators that is the hallmark of plant growth and development.

show abstract

Malting of Sorghum: Further Studies on Factors influencing α-Amylase Activity

Obeta

Okungbowa

Ezeogu

2000

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tlte effects of steep regime, nature of alkaline steeping agent, and kilning condition on a-atnylase development were studied for four Nigerian sorghum cultivars. Malt a-amylase activity was highly significantly (p<.001) influenced by all the four factors as well as their various assortments of interaction. Generally malts from the Local Red (LR) variety produced the highest a-amylase values, followed by those of SK 5912, Local Witite and KSV 8 in the above sequence. Tlte presence/ absence of air-rest processes in steep regimes was a significant factor (p<.001) influencing malt a-amylase response to final wann steeping as well as to the other factors under study. Similarly, the nature of the steeping agent was a very significant determinant of malt a-amylase response to kilning condition and regime of steeping. Of significant interest was the observation that Ca (OH)2 steeps enhanced malt a-amylase activity at the higher temperature of kilning. Tlte significantly lower a-amylase values given under similar conditions by the other alkaline liquors suggest a possible increase in malt thermostability due to steeping in Ca (OH)2. Additionally, the fact that the extent of enhancement of malt a-amylase activity by Ca (OH)2, at 50°C Kiln temperature, was regime-dependent, suggests that the latter ivas an important modulator of sorghum germination physiology.

show abstract

A Gibberellin Response Complex in Cereal a-Amylase Gene Promoters

Cited by 64 publications

References 0 publications

Signal Transduction in Barley Aleurone Protoplasts Is Calcium Dependent and Independent.

Signal Transduction in Barley Aleurone Protoplasts Is Calcium Dependent and Independent.

Gibberellins: regulating genes and germination

Malting of Sorghum: Further Studies on Factors influencing α-Amylase Activity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About