A glimpse into the basis of vision in the kingdom Mycota

Idnurm, Alexander; Verma, Surbhi; Corrochano, Luis M.

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2010.04.009

Cited by 156 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 117 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“…Light is an environmental signal widely used by fungi to modulate developmental and metabolic processes (18,19). As indicated above, light induces the synthesis of carotenoids in F. fujikuroi (6), a response similar to that observed in other fungi, as Neurospora crassa (20) or Phycomyces blakesleeanus (21).…”

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confidence: 61%

Light-Dependent Functions of the Fusarium fujikuroi CryD DASH Cryptochrome in Development and Secondary Metabolism

Castrillo

García-Martínez

Ávalos

2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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DASH (Drosophila, Arabidopsis, Synechocystis, human) cryptochromes (cry-DASHs) constitute a subgroup of the photolyase cryptochrome family with diverse light-sensing roles, found in most taxonomical groups. The genome of Fusarium fujikuroi, a phytopathogenic fungus with a rich secondary metabolism, contains a gene encoding a putative cry-DASH, named CryD. The expression of the cryD gene is induced by light in the wild type, but not in mutants of the "white collar" gene wcoA. Targeted ⌬cryD mutants show light-dependent phenotypic alterations, including changes in morphology and pigmentation, which disappear upon reintroduction of a wild-type cryD allele. In addition to microconidia, the colonies of the ⌬cryD mutants produced under illumination and nitrogen starvation large septated spores called macroconidia, absent in wild-type colonies. The ⌬cryD mutants accumulated similar amounts of carotenoids to the control strain under constant illumination, but produced much larger amounts of bikaverin under nitrogen starvation, indicating a repressing role for CryD in this biosynthetic pathway. Additionally, a moderate photoinduction of gibberellin production was exhibited by the wild type but not by the ⌬cryD mutants. The phenotypic alterations of the ⌬cryD mutants were only noticeable in the light, as expected from the low expression of cryD in the dark, but did not correlate with mRNA levels for structural genes of the bikaverin or gibberellin biosynthetic pathways, suggesting the participation of CryD in posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms. This is the first report on the participation of a cry-DASH protein in the regulation of fungal secondary metabolism.

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confidence: 61%

Light-Dependent Functions of the Fusarium fujikuroi CryD DASH Cryptochrome in Development and Secondary Metabolism

Castrillo

García-Martínez

Ávalos

2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…In Trichoderma, the orthologs of WC-1 and WC-2 were named BLR-1 and -2 (blue light regulators) (878,879). The BLR1 protein (TR_121962, TA_229937, and TV_81343) has three PAS (Per-ARNT-Sim) domains, and BLR2 (TR_22699, TA_42429, and TV_31745) has only one, but both have the GATA domain in the C-terminal region, as in N. crassa and other fungi (1063). The BLR proteins of T. atroviride are required for induction of conidiation after a pulse of light.…”

Section: Gata-type Zinc Finger Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

Schmoll

Dattenböck

Carreras-Villaseñor

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

165

195

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SUMMARYThe genusTrichodermacontains fungi with high relevance for humans, with applications in enzyme production for plant cell wall degradation and use in biocontrol. Here, we provide a broad, comprehensive overview of the genomic content of these species for “hot topic” research aspects, including CAZymes, transport, transcription factors, and development, along with a detailed analysis and annotation of less-studied topics, such as signal transduction, genome integrity, chromatin, photobiology, or lipid, sulfur, and nitrogen metabolism inT. reesei,T. atroviride, andT. virens, and we open up new perspectives to those topics discussed previously. In total, we covered more than 2,000 of the predicted 9,000 to 11,000 genes of eachTrichodermaspecies discussed, which is >20% of the respective gene content. Additionally, we considered available transcriptome data for the annotated genes. Highlights of our analyses include overall carbohydrate cleavage preferences due to the different genomic contents and regulation of the respective genes. We found light regulation of many sulfur metabolic genes. Additionally, a new Golgi 1,2-mannosidase likely involved inN-linked glycosylation was detected, as were indications for the ability ofTrichodermaspp. to generate hybrid galactose-containingN-linked glycans. The genomic inventory of effector proteins revealed numerous compounds unique toTrichoderma, and these warrant further investigation. We found interesting expansions in theTrichodermagenus in several signaling pathways, such as G-protein-coupled receptors, RAS GTPases, and casein kinases. A particularly interesting feature absolutely unique toT. atrovirideis the duplication of the alternative sulfur amino acid synthesis pathway.

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“…These observations suggest that Alternaria species are able to sense and respond to light. It has been well established, meanwhile, that many fungi are able to respond to light and employ one or several photoreceptors (10)(11)(12). The existence of light receptors in filamentous fungi has been shown for Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus nidulans, Coprinus cinereus, Cryptococcus neoformans, Phycomyces blakesleeanus, and Physarum polycephalum and for many others.…”

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Role of the Alternaria alternata Blue-Light Receptor LreA (White-Collar 1) in Spore Formation and Secondary Metabolism

Pruß

Fetzner

Seither

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Alternaria alternata is a filamentous fungus that causes considerable loss of crops of economically important feed and food worldwide. It produces more than 60 different secondary metabolites, among which alternariol (AOH) and altertoxin (ATX) are the most important mycotoxins. We found that mycotoxin production and spore formation are regulated by light in opposite ways. Whereas spore formation was largely decreased under light conditions, the production of AOH was stimulated 2-to 3-fold. ATX production was even strictly dependent on light. All light effects observed could be triggered by blue light, whereas red light had only a minor effect. Inhibition of spore formation by light was reversible after 1 day of incubation in the dark. We identified orthologues of genes encoding the Neurospora crassa blue-light-perceiving white-collar proteins, a cryptochrome, a phytochrome, and an opsin-related protein in the genome of A. alternata. Deletion of the white-collar 1 (WC-1) gene (lreA) resulted in derepression of spore formation in dark and in light. ATX formation was strongly induced in the dark in the lreA mutant, suggesting a repressing function of LreA, which appears to be released in the wild type after blue-light exposure. In addition, light induction of AOH formation was partially dependent on LreA, suggesting also an activating function. A. alternata ⌬lreA was still able to partially respond to blue light, indicating the action of another blue-light receptor system.

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A glimpse into the basis of vision in the kingdom Mycota

Cited by 156 publications

References 117 publications

Light-Dependent Functions of the Fusarium fujikuroi CryD DASH Cryptochrome in Development and Secondary Metabolism

Light-Dependent Functions of the Fusarium fujikuroi CryD DASH Cryptochrome in Development and Secondary Metabolism

The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

Role of the Alternaria alternata Blue-Light Receptor LreA (White-Collar 1) in Spore Formation and Secondary Metabolism

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