A grape seed extract maternal dietary supplementation improves egg quality and reduces ovarian steroidogenesis without affecting fertility parameters in reproductive hens

Abstract

In broiler hens, the genetic selection increased susceptibility to metabolic disorders and reproductive dysfunctions. In human ovarian cells, grape seed extracts (GSE) improved steroid production. Here, we investigated the effects of a GSE dietary supplementation on egg production and quality, fertility parameters, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and steroid content in yolk egg associated to plasma adipokines in broiler hens. For this, we designed two in vivo experiments, the first one included three groups of hens: A (control), B and C (supplemented with GSE at 0.5% and 1% of the total diet composition, respectively, since week 4), and the second one used two groups of hens: A (control) and D (supplemented with GSE at 1% of the total diet composition since hatching). We assessed the egg production from 23 th to 40 th weeks and quality at 33 th week. After artificial inseminations, the fertility parameters were calculated. In egg yolk, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level and steroid production were evaluated by Ros-Glo H202 and ELISA assay, respectively. Expression of steroidogenic enzymes and adipokines and their receptors was determined by RT-qPCR in ovarian cells and plasma adipokines (RARRES2, ADIPOQ and NAMPT) were evaluated by specific ELISA assays. The fertility parameters and egg production were unaffected by GSE supplementation whatever the experiment (exp.). However, the rate of double-yolk eggs decreased for all GSE supplemented groups (exp. 1 P <0.01, exp.2, P<0.02). In exp.1, C group eggs were bigger and larger (P<0.0001) and the shell elasticity was higher for both B and C (P<0.0003) as compared to control. In the egg yolk, GSE supplementation in both exp. reduced ROS content and steroidogenesis consistent with a decrease in P450 aromatase and StAR mRNA expression and basal in vitro progesterone secretion in granulosa cells (P<0.001). Interestingly, in both exp. RARRES2 plasma levels were positively

Maternal dietary supplementation with grape seed extract in reproductive hens increases fertility in females but decreases semen quality in males of the F1 generation

“…In the same experiment, we showed an increase in the antioxidant status of animals and a reduction in ROS in egg yolk when hens were fed with 10 g/kg of GSE [ 31 ]. We confirmed this lower ROS production, suggesting that the environment was altered in eggs from hens fed with GSE.…”

“…The GSE present a relatively low amount monomers forms (catechin and epicatechin, between 5.0% to 15.0%) and a high contents of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (≥90.0%) as determined by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) by INDENA. as detailed in previous studies [ 27 , 31 ]. Then, the study was composed of four groups (F1): male (n = 20) and female (n = 20) chicks exposed in ovo to yolk modified by maternal GSE dietary supplementation (GSE) and male (n = 20) and female (n = 20) control chicks.…”

Microbiota Changes Due to Grape Seed Extract Diet Improved Intestinal Homeostasis and Decreased Fatness in Parental Broiler Hens

“…However, studies on broilers have been performed on up to 35-day old chickens but not on adults in the reproductive period. In our study, grape and, more particularly, grape seed extract were studied in the diet [56,83]. The antioxidant property of GSE has been reported to improve the total antioxidant status in the plasma of Japanese quail [84] and antioxidant capacity in the blood of broilers [85].…”

Grape Seed Proanthocyanindin Extract Moderated Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cellular Senescence Through NAMPT/SIRT1/NLRP3 Pathway

“…As reported in the previous studies, GSPE exhibited a variety of properties, such as antioxidant, anti-in ammatory and as well as anti-aging [13,14]. GSPE could up-regulate the concentration of NAMPT [15], however, the potential protective role of GSPE induced NAMPT on the RPE cellular senescence has not been studied. Therefore, based on the foregoing viewpoints, we hypothesized that GSPE treatment could inhibit the RPE cellular senescence through upregulation of NAMPT.…”