A green analytical assay for the quantitation of the total saponins in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) based on macro lens-coupled smartphone

Roque, N.; Aguilar-Tuesta, Silvana; Quispe-Neyra, Juan; Mamani-Navarro, Wile; Alfaro-Cruz, Sarela C.; Condezo-Hoyos, Luis

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.014

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The standard afrosymetric method was initially developed by Koziol (1991), in the search for a simple technique to extract and determine the presence of saponins in quinoa grains and was used to evaluate more than 5000 quinoa genotypes from Latinreco (Ecuador), with significant results. However, over the years, this methodology has been modified, adapting it to environmental conditions and the needs of farmers (Guzmán et al, 2013;León-Roque et al, 2019).…”

Section: Modified Afrosymetric Methods (Mam)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Afrosymetric method for quantifying saponins in Chenopodium Quinoa Willd. from Colombia

2022

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Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudocereal that, in addition to presenting good nutritional characteristics in the grain, has secondary metabolites in the episperm of the seeds and, within them, saponins. Saponins are characterized by being emulsifying, foaming and generating a bitter taste. This metabolite has not been completely studied in quinoa materials from Colombia. For this reason, the objective of this research was to quantify the content of saponins present in quinoa materials from the department of Boyacá using three afrosimetric methods. For this, a completely randomized design (CRD) was implemented with a factorial arrangement of 3 (afrosimetric methods) x 5 (quinoa materials). From the quantification of saponins, it was determined that the Amarilla de maranganí genotype, was the one that presented the highest content in all the evaluated methods; the standard afrosimetric method being the most efficient. Finally, the conglomerate analysis allowed to discriminate the materials in sweet quinoas such as Tunkahuan and Blanca de Jericó with saponin contents lower than 0.06%, and in bitter quinoas (Negra de la Colorada, Dorada and Amarilla de Maranganí) with contents higher than 0.11%. The biochemical characterization of the germplasm will allow a selection of genotypes suitable for consumption and for the industry, given the potential use that saponins currently have.

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Section: Modified Afrosymetric Methods (Mam)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Afrosymetric method for quantifying saponins in Chenopodium Quinoa Willd. from Colombia

2022

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“…It can, by no means, replace classic LC-MS assays based on the individual reference standards. Instead, it can be considered as a viable alternative to the total saponin content (TSC) measurement carried out using other methodologies, such as the spectrophotometric assay [Le et al, 2018], the macro lens-coupled smartphone assay [León--Roque et al, 2019], or the UHPLC-UV assay [Wu et al, 2019]. In turn, the approach we propose offers more reliable quantitation of individual saponin peaks (thus avoiding false-positive signals of spectrophotometric and foam-formation methods) as well as detection that is not dependent on the particular structural features of the investigated analytes.…”

Section: Quantitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS

Mroczek¹,

Klimczak²,

Kowalczyk³

2021

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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Swiss chard is a vegetable valued not only for the taste of its leaves but also because of its health-promoting properties. To date, nothing is known regarding the occurrence of saponins in the Swiss chard plant, even though they could be at least partially responsible for the nutraceutical activities of this plant. This research aimed to describe saponins from the leaves of four Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars. Saponin structures were analyzed by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS. Based on the fragmentation patterns, we tentatively identified 16 triterpene saponins in B. vulgaris, including two that had not been detected previously. The observed compounds were glycosides of five different, tentatively identified aglycones, i.e., oleanolic acid, hederagenin, gypsogenin, akebonoic acid, and serjanic acid. Moreover, the structure of four saponins detected in Swiss chard leaves included dioxolane-type and six acetal-type substituents. Eleven, eight, eleven, and eight saponins were observed in saponin fractions obtained from Rhubarb, Bulls Blood, Perpetual Spinach, and White Silver cultivars, respectively. Furthermore, the content of all identified triterpene derivatives in the investigated cultivars was estimated using a method based on the UHPLC coupled with QTOF-MS/MS and charged aerosol detector (CAD). The analyzed cultivars differed in the total and individual saponin content. The total saponin content ranged from 125.53 to 397.09 μg/g DW.

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“…dengan melakukan pengukuran jumlah busa dari hasil pemipetan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji ini 50 kali lebih sensitif dari uji afro simetri untuk mengukur kandungan saponin (León-Roque et al, 2019). Sistem smartphone yang digabungkan lensa makro untuk video dan akuisisi gambar yang digunakan dalam pengujian berbasis smartphone mikrotiter (MCS) yang ditunjukkan pada Gambar 5.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Karakter Morfologi Talas (Colocasia Esculenta) Sebagai Indikator Level Kadar Oksalat Menggunakan Lensa Makro

et al. 2021

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Taro plant (Colocasia esculenta) is a type of tuber that contains many useful compounds, less fat and lots of vitamin A. The high calcium oxalate content in taro is an anti-nutritional and toxic which can cause itching in the mouth, burning sensation, irritation of the skin, mouth, and digestive tract. Taro processing reduced its oxalate levels, which also influenced the morphological changes observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM imaging. There is no practical way to predict the oxalate level of taro, making it easier to predict its toxicity. The purpose of this study is to predict the level of taro toxicity based on its morphology using a more practical tool such as a macro lens combined with a smartphone. The prediction of oxalate levels in taro was carried out by combining taro morphological data based on SEM and several object images produced by a macro lens equipped with a smartphone. The image of the object captured with a macro lens is supplemented with a fluorescent procedure to enhance the sharpness of the image. The prediction of oxalate levels in taro using a macro lens is distinguished based on the number of dark sides (dots) in the imaging results. The accuracy of macro lenses is of course lower than SEM, but at least the results are used as an initial prediction of oxalate levels in taro.

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A green analytical assay for the quantitation of the total saponins in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) based on macro lens-coupled smartphone

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Afrosymetric method for quantifying saponins in Chenopodium Quinoa Willd. from Colombia

Afrosymetric method for quantifying saponins in Chenopodium Quinoa Willd. from Colombia

Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS

Karakter Morfologi Talas (Colocasia Esculenta) Sebagai Indikator Level Kadar Oksalat Menggunakan Lensa Makro

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