A Green Geographic Routing in Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

The routing information is hard to maintain and the energy is limited in highly dynamic wireless sensor network. To solve these problems, energy-saving geographic routing (ESGR) is proposed, which does not maintain the network topology and can save energy. A node broadcast its position information to its neighboring nodes before transmitting data. The neighboring nodes compute the position of the virtual relay node using the data transmitter position, the base station position and the energy consumption for circuits and propagation. The neighboring nodes determine whether to become the relay node through competition based on its position, the destination position and the virtual relay node position. The neighboring nodes compute the delay time distributedly according to the competition strategy. The neighboring node with the shortest delay time can respond to the data sender first and become the sole relay node. The handshake mechanism efficiently prevents the collision among the neighboring nodes during competition, which is of high communication efficiency. When a routing hole is found, the relay region is changed and an approaching destination relay strategy is adopted, which reduces the impact of routing holes. The simulation shows that the proposed algorithm is better than BLR, because of the lower energy consumption and lower packet loss ratio. The ESGR algorithm is more appropriate for highly dynamic wireless network.

Disgerminoma puro de ovario gigante en paciente joven de 19 años

“…El CD117 solo se encuentra positivo en los DO o seminomas en comparación con el resto de TMCG (5) . Una revisión de 140 casos hace énfasis en que el disgerminoma tiene hallazgos muy particulares en inmunohistoquímica comparados a sus diagnósticos diferenciales por lo cual es clave para su diagnóstico preciso (11) El DO no suele presentar alteraciones hormonales, pero hasta en un 5% de los casos se puede evidenciar una elevación de la hCG-β y dentro de la serología, elevación de LDH y en menor medida FA.…”

“…Su símil en el varón es el seminoma, que se presenta con mayor frecuencia entre los 30 y 45 años. Clínicamente es una masa testicular que evoluciona a partir de una neoplasia in situ de células germinales, progresa a seminoma intratubular en la etapa pospuberal y posteriormente a seminoma invasivo en la edad mediana (5) .…”