A Green Method for Synthesizing Nickel Nanoparticles Supported by Magnetized Pectin: Applied as a Catalyst for Aldehyde Synthesis as a Precursor in Xanthan Synthesis

Abstract

In this paper, the properties of a catalyst that composed of magnetic nanoparticles and Pectin biopolymer that is widely found in nature (Fe 3 O 4 @Pectin) to support nickel (II) acetate are discussed, and this catalyst was then used in response to the synthesis of the precursor required for xanthene synthesis. The heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by techniques such as FT-IR spectroscopy, FE-SEM, TEM, XRD spectroscopy, EDX spectroscopy, VSM, and ICP spectroscopy. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was also used to determine the thermal stability of the material techniques. Then the catalyst was explored in the oxidation reaction of alcohols that has high efficiency and selectivity and the synthesized aldehydes were used as precursors for the synthesis of xanthans. Xanthans are important compounds found in a variety of biological components and drugs. The most important advantages of this method are easy to work up procedure, perform the reaction in solvent-free conditions, and the catalyst can be separated by an external magnet and used several times without reducing the activity.

RETRACTED: A Green Synthesis Strategy of Binuclear Catalyst for the C-C Cross-Coupling Reactions in the Aqueous Medium: Hiyama and Suzuki–Miyaura Reactions as Case Studies

“…Preparation of Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 3 O 4 @CNF Core-Shell NPs (1) Magnetic nanoparticles Fe 3 O 4 and core-shell Fe 3 O 4 @CNF nanospheres were prepared according to a previously mentioned (Scheme 2; Ghamari Kargar et al, 2020).…”

“…The TGA analysis was behavior to determine the uncoated Fe (Kumawat et al, 2017). The third stage of the weight loss in the temperature range between 350 and 550 °C may be due to the thermal crystal phase alteration from Fe 3 O 4 to ?-Fe 2 O 3 (Ghamari Kargar et al, 2020). Other stages of weight loss up to 800 °C may be due to the decomposition of organic moieties on the surface of the Fe 3 O 4 @CNF core-shell nanoparticles.…”

“…Due to the importance of green chemistry, the principles raised in this field are discussed below. One of the essential general criteria that support chemical changes to green chemistry is low temperatures and environmentally friendly solvents and prevent the formation of waste or excess materials using heterogeneous catalysts (Zhu et al, 2010;Duan et al, 2015;Byrne et al, 2016;Ghamari Kargar et al, 2020). As an ideal renewable catalytic source, ionic liquids with non-toxic metals and magnetic substrates are the most promising options for environmentally friendly nano catalytic processes, and in general, research in the field of the nanocatalysts has always been one of the most exciting topics in nanochemistry and green chemistry (Janiak, 2013;Rathee et al, 2020).…”

“…Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is a linear polymer with a unit glucopyranose that has biodegradable, non-toxic, recyclable, hydrophilic, and safe properties, etc., Cellulose is used in various industries like wood and paper, food industry, textile, electrical, pharmaceutical, and health, etc. (Gopiraman et al, 2018;Ghamari Kargar et al, 2020).…”

“…These particles have unique physical and chemical properties that are significantly different from the mass of materials. Among the types of nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, owing to their simple differentiation with an exterior magnetic field and their high capacity for use in various fields from the reaction environment ( Zibareva et al, 2019 ; Khashei Siuki et al, 2020 ). Magnetic nanoparticles may be slowly oxidized by surfactants, polymers, and precious metals.…”