“…Among them, ECL has captivated increasingly deliberation and brilliance owing to the minimal background noise, ultrahigh sensitivity, extremely low detection limit, and admirable electrochemical performance and has become an indispensable part in the areas of clinical medicine, food security, environmental monitoring, and so on. In the past few decades, ECL luminophores have been cultivated from luminol, Ru(bpy) 3 2+ , and other classical reagents to quantum dots and metal nanoclusters . To substantially exaggerate the transmission electronically intensity of luminophores, penalize the disadvantages of ambiguous registration, and escape the quite hazards of co-reaction reagents, the competitive co-reaction projectors (including aniline substances, metal complexes, noble metal nanoparticles, and semiconductor nanomaterials , ) are familiarized with the conventional binary ECL system, which can trigger a qualitative leap in signal enhancement.…”