A Healed Wound Caused by a Flint Arrowhead in a Neolithic Human Innominate from the Trou Rosette (Furfooz, Belgium)

Polet, Caroline; Dutour, Olivier; Orban, Rosine; Jadin, Ivan; Louryan, Stéphane

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1212(199609)6:4<414::aid-oa284>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The twin burial (№ 18) of a woman of about 36–50 can be added to the above‐mentioned list (Fialko, 2015). According to archeological and anthropological sources, there are many other cases of lesions inflicted from arrows (Armendariz et al, 1994; Campillo et al, 1993; Khudaverdyan, 2014b; Khudaverdyan et al, 2020; Lieverse et al, 2014; Milner, 2005; Polet et al, 1996; Ryan & Milner, 2006; Sciulli et al, 1988; Silva & Marques, 2010; Tur et al, 2016, etc. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warrior burial of the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age: The phenomenon of women warriors from the Jrapi cemetery (Shirak Province, Armenia)

Khudaverdyan

Yengibaryan

Khachatryan

et al. 2021

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Study of the bone remains of two female warriors from Jrapi (Shirak Province, Armenia) burial ground (Burial 3) revealed a multiple array of traumatic lesions, which shed light on their daily activities, occupation, and warfare practice. Both women had compressive cranial lesions with the signs of healing. A bronze arrowhead once embedded in the soft tissues of the intercostal space was discovered as well as a canal in the lower epiphysis of the tibia probably left by the broken point of a bronze arrowhead. The women were likely horse riders and archers. The remains unearthed in Burial N 3 belonged to two females who seemed to live as professional warriors and were buried as individuals of rank. This tomb is the third burial discovered in Armenia that provides evidence on female warriors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warrior burial of the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age: The phenomenon of women warriors from the Jrapi cemetery (Shirak Province, Armenia)

Khudaverdyan

Yengibaryan

Khachatryan

et al. 2021

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…Some other occasions of arrow wounds are known from archaeological contexts (Armendariz, Irigari, & Etxeberria, ; Campillo, Mercadal, & Blanch, ; Lieverse et al, ; Milner, ; Polet, Dutour, Orban, Jadin, & Louryan, ; Ryan & Milner, ; Sciulli, Pacheco, & Wymer, ; Silva & Marques, ; Tur et al, ; Khudaverdyan, ; Khudaverdyan et al, , etc.). Tur et al () represented a case of a healed trapped bronze arrowhead injury in the spine of the seventh to sixth century BC elite nomad from Central Kazakhstan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Early Armenian female warrior of the 8–6 century BC from Bover I site (Armenia)

Khudaverdyan

Yengibaryan

Hobosyan

et al. 2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Exploration of the weapon-related traumas on human remains allows us to reconstruct the episodes of violence. This paper is an attempt of reconstructing the life and death of a female buried in the Early Armenian necropolis of Bover I (Shnogh, Lori Province) based on a multidisciplinary approach integrating archaeological, written, and palaeopathological data derived from the skeletal analysis. The remains unearthed in Tomb N 17 belonged to a woman who seemed to live as a professional warrior and was buried as an individual of rank. During our work, we identified a rich array of traumatic lesions, which shed light on her daily activities, occupation, and warfare practice. We also analysed a trapped metal arrowhead in her femur. For this region, projectile injury to bone, induced by an arrow wound, strongly suggests interpersonal aggression. The same individual also suffered blows to the pelvic bone, femur, and tibia. This tomb is the second burial discovered in Armenia that provides evidence on female warriors. KEYWORDS Armenia, Bover I, Early Armenian Period, female warrior, traumasIn olden times, the earth thundered with the pounding of horses' hooves. In that long ago age, women would saddle their horses, grab their lances, and ride forth with their men folk to meet the enemy in battle on the steppes. The women of that time could cut out an enemy's heart with their swift, sharp swords.Caucasus tradition, Nart sagas 26 (Mayor, 2016, p. 17)

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“…They were predetermined by floods and by the activities of the European beaver ( Castor fiber ). The presence of beaver in Central Europe during prehistory was evidenced by the discovery of its skeletal remains (Polet et al ., ; Kyselý, ; Komosa et al ., ) and by characteristically cut trees (Pokorný, ). Beavers build dams on shallow rivers, which increase the water table substantially, and therefore, the surrounding alluvial forests become waterlogged (Figure S3a).…”

Section: Herbivores and Alluvial Grasslandsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Origin and history of grasslands in Central Europe – a review

Hejcman¹,

Hejcmanová

Pavlů³

et al. 2013

Grass and Forage Science

220

141

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In terms of origin, grasslands in Central Europe can be classified into (i) natural grasslands, predetermined by environmental conditions and wild herbivores; (ii) seminatural grasslands, associated with long-term human activity from the beginning of agriculture during the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition; and (iii) improved (intensive) grasslands, a product of modern agriculture based on sown and highly productive forage grasses and legumes. This review discusses the origin, history and development of grasslands in Central Europe from the Holocene (9500 BC) to recent times, using archaeobotanical (pollen and macroremains), archaeozoological (molluscs, dung beetles, animal bones) and archaeological evidence, together with written and iconographic resources and recent analogies. An indicator of grasslands is the ratio of non-arboreal/arboreal pollen and the presence of pollen of species such as Plantago lanceolata and Urtica dioica in sediments. Pastures can be indicated by Juniperus communis pollen and charcoal present in sediments and the soil profile. Insect-pollinated species can be studied using cesspit sediments and pollen (from honey) in vessels in graves. In Central Europe, natural steppe, alluvial grasslands and alpine grasslands occurred before the start of agriculture in the early Neolithic (5500 BC); their area was small, and grassland patches were fragmentary in the forested landscape. Substantial enlargement of grasslands cannot be expected to have occurred before the late Bronze Age. The first scythes come from the 7th-6th century BC; therefore, hay meadows probably did not develop before this time. There is evidence of hay meadows in Central Europe during the Middle Ages, documented by macroremains of Arrhenatherum elatius in sediments, written records and long scythes in archaeological assemblages. Based on macroremains analyses, we conclude that there was generally high diversity of seminatural grasslands in the cultural landscape in the Middle Ages, and individual grassland Nomenclature of vascular plants Kub at et al. (2002) Nomenclature of plant communities Chytr y (2007)

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A Healed Wound Caused by a Flint Arrowhead in a Neolithic Human Innominate from the Trou Rosette (Furfooz, Belgium)

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Warrior burial of the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age: The phenomenon of women warriors from the Jrapi cemetery (Shirak Province, Armenia)

Warrior burial of the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age: The phenomenon of women warriors from the Jrapi cemetery (Shirak Province, Armenia)

An Early Armenian female warrior of the 8–6 century BC from Bover I site (Armenia)

Origin and history of grasslands in Central Europe – a review

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