A high efficiency fluidly reconfigurable antenna with detached feeding

Abstract

In this study, a pure water antenna with a tunable radiation pattern is proposed, which combines the idea of the Yagi antenna and the reflector antenna to realize a steerable directional beam. By sufficiently utilizing the excellent features of water: fluidity, transparency, and reconfigurability, this proposed design achieves a 360° beam coverage. In addition, a detached feeding structure is introduced to effectively avoid liquid leakage and corrosion. This type of antenna has 25 different working states covering the working frequency from 2.36 to 2.6 GHz (S11 < −10 dB), a high radiation efficiency (70%), and a maximum realized gain of 5.8 dB. This design is expected to be a promising candidate for the internet of things applications.

A hemispherical helical water antenna array for directional high-gain radiation

“…Besides, the cost of water antennas is lower and the application scenarios are more extensive. At present, water monopole antennas [8,9], water Yagi-Uda antennas [10,11], and water patch antennas [12,13] have been realized. In [14], a helical antenna made of water is designed, and its electromagnetic characteristics are almost identical to those of the metal helical antenna.…”