A high iodine intake, thyroid diseases and the prevalence of papillary carcinoma (PTC)

Abstract

Iodine is a trace element that is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormone. Both chronic iodine deficiency or iodine excess have been associated with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of follicular cells and the influence of thyroid hormone (T3, T4) and thyrotropin (TSH) secretion. Increase rates of the thyroid cancer are increasing after radiation exposure to 131I in children or adolescents. In respectively, dietary iodine excess goiter, iodine induced hyperthyroidism (IIH) and IIT, Iodine intake and the prevalence of papillary carcinoma (PTC), as well as the case-control and cohort studies of thyroid cancer and intake of seafood and milk products, were reviewed. Moreover, available evidence of oncogenic thyroid hormone receptor mutants from animal experiments and clinical investigation have been a shift toward the oncogenic function of human thyroid carcinoma, and its target therapy.