A high-resolution 19611990 monthly temperature climatology for the greater Alpine region

Hiebl, Johann; Auer, Ingeborg; Böhm, Reinhard; Schöner, Wolfgang; Maugeri, Maurizio; Lentini, Gianluca; Spinoni, Jonathan; Brunetti, Michele; Nanni, T.; Tadić, Melita Perčec; Bihari, Zita; Dolinar, Mojca; Müller‐Westermeier, G.

doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2009/0403

Cited by 67 publications

(79 citation statements)

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“…in the south-eastern part of the Lagorai massif. The climate of the site is temperate oceanic with an annual mean temperature of 4.4°C (derived from the highresolution Alpine temperature interpolation by Hiebl et al 2009) and rainfall of 917 mm year −1 (data derived from the Meteotrentino data weather station nearest to the site). Monthly precipitation exceeds 80 mm between May and October.…”

Section: Description Of Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Above- and belowground patterns in a subalpine grassland-shrub mosaic

Pornaro

Schneider

Leinauer

et al. 2016

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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Many mountain pastures consist of a mosaic of grassland and shrub communities. Ongoing changes in mountain agriculture have affected the balance between the two elements of the mosaic. In order to understand the consequences of these changes for ecosystem functioning, we studied patterns in vegetation, root structure and soil properties along transects of varying grassland-to-shrub proportions. Our hypothesis was that differences in the vegetation aboveground are accompanied by differences belowground, related to soil properties and depth. The research was conducted at a subalpine site in the Trentino region (South-eastern Alps), consisting of Nardus stricta grasslands alternating with shrub patches of Rhododendron ferrugineum. Our investigation showed that the composition of vegetation was mainly governed by R. ferrugineum cover and less by soil properties. Plant species richness peaked at low to intermediate degrees of shrub cover and composition between transects became more similar with increasing shrub cover. Where R. ferrugineum cover was higher, Hemicryptophytes caespitosae were replaced by Nano-phanerophytes with consequences for belowground structures. At increasing shrub cover, root length density decreased, especially in the top soil, while root weight density remained stable and C content increased insignificantly. We discuss that theses structural changes along the gradient of R. ferrugineum cover affect a number of ecosystem services. The presented evidence suggests that maintaining grasslands with a low cover of R. ferrugineum balances a number of services, namely plant species diversity, carbon stabilization in soil and the prevention of soil erosion.

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Section: Description Of Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Above- and belowground patterns in a subalpine grassland-shrub mosaic

Pornaro

Schneider

Leinauer

et al. 2016

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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“…Since then, and mostly in recent decades, progress in conducting continuous observations has been made by using standardized methods, but there are still some uncertainties which are difficult to solve [1,2]. The very specific conditions of mountain environments make them excellent indicators of climate change, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Peñalara Mountain Meteorological Network (1999–2014): Description, Preliminary Results and Lessons Learned

2017

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This work describes a mountain meteorological network that was in operation from 1999 to 2014 in a mountain range with elevations ranging from 1104 to 2428 m in Central Spain. Additionally, some technical details of the network are described, as well as variables measured and some meta information presented, which is expected to be useful for future users of the observational database. A strong emphasis is made on showing the observational methods and protocols evolution, as it will help researchers to understand the sources of errors, data gaps and the final stage of the network. This paper summarizes mostly the common sources of errors when designing and operating a small network of this kind, so it can be useful for individual researchers and small size groups that undertake a similar task on their own. Strengths and weaknesses of some of the variables measured are discussed and some basic calculations are made in order to show the potential of the database and to anticipate future deeper climatological analyses over the area. Finally, the configuration of an automatic mountain meteorology station is suggested as a result of the lessons learned and the the common state of the art automatic measuring techniques.

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“…Another, very frequently used variable is a distance from the sea (WHITE 1979;BJORNSSON et al 2007;BOI et al 2011;JOLY et al 2011) or distance from other major bodies of water (HOLDAWAY 1996;HIEBL et al 2009;TIETAVAINEN et al 2010). Distance from water bodies, like most of the variables capturing the impact of land use/land cover, is typical of regional or local scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most frequently applied is slope inclination (LENNON and TURNER 1995;SZYMANOWSKI et al 2013); however, its role in physical processes determining air temperature is ambiguous. This variable probably should not stand alone but rather in conjunction with terrain aspect (AGNEW and PALU-TIKOF 2000;ATTORRE et al 2007;HIEBL et al 2009;APAYDIN et al 2011). The role of the relief, particularly associated with the disposal of cooler air from the slopes and a tendency to the accumulation of cold air in concave terrain forms, is expressed in such variables as concavity/convexity, relative height and terrain curvature (NINYEROLA et al 2007;ESTEBAN et al 2009;HIEBL et al 2009;SZYMANOWSKI et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Auxiliary Variables in Deterministic and Deterministic-Stochastic Spatial Models of Air Temperature in Poland

Szymanowski

Kryza

2015

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Abstract-Our study examines the role of auxiliary variables in the process of spatial modelling and mapping of climatological elements, with air temperature in Poland used as an example. The multivariable algorithms are the most frequently applied for spatialization of air temperature, and their results in many studies are proved to be better in comparison to those obtained by various onedimensional techniques. In most of the previous studies, two main strategies were used to perform multidimensional spatial interpolation of air temperature. First, it was accepted that all variables significantly correlated with air temperature should be incorporated into the model. Second, it was assumed that the more spatial variation of air temperature was deterministically explained, the better was the quality of spatial interpolation. The main goal of the paper was to examine both above-mentioned assumptions. The analysis was performed using data from 250 meteorological stations and for 69 air temperature cases aggregated on different levels: from daily means to 10-year annual mean. Two cases were considered for detailed analysis. The set of potential auxiliary variables covered 11 environmental predictors of air temperature. Another purpose of the study was to compare the results of interpolation given by various multivariable methods using the same set of explanatory variables. Two regression models: multiple linear (MLR) and geographically weighted (GWR) method, as well as their extensions to the regression-kriging form, MLRK and GWRK, respectively, were examined. Stepwise regression was used to select variables for the individual models and the crossvalidation method was used to validate the results with a special attention paid to statistically significant improvement of the model using the mean absolute error (MAE) criterion. The main results of this study led to rejection of both assumptions considered. Usually, including more than two or three of the most significantly correlated auxiliary variables does not improve the quality of the spatial model. The effects of introduction of certain variables into the model were not climatologically justified and were seen on maps as unexpected and undesired artefacts. The results confirm, in accordance with previous studies, that in the case of air temperature distribution, the spatial process is non-stationary; thus, the local GWR model performs better than the global MLR if they are specified using the same set of auxiliary variables. If only GWR residuals are autocorrelated, the geographically weighted regression-kriging (GWRK) model seems to be optimal for air temperature spatial interpolation.

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A high-resolution 19611990 monthly temperature climatology for the greater Alpine region

Cited by 67 publications

References 0 publications

Above- and belowground patterns in a subalpine grassland-shrub mosaic

Above- and belowground patterns in a subalpine grassland-shrub mosaic

The Peñalara Mountain Meteorological Network (1999–2014): Description, Preliminary Results and Lessons Learned

The Role of Auxiliary Variables in Deterministic and Deterministic-Stochastic Spatial Models of Air Temperature in Poland

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