A HPTLC Method for Determination of Anethole in Essential Oil, Methanolic Extract of Foeniculum vulgare and Commercial Herbal Products

Abstract

A rapid and feasible method of HPTLC is standardized for quantification of anethole in essential oil’s extract and from herbal formulations of fennel seed. The developed densitometric HPTLC method was performed to estimate the existence of anethole in the essential oil, extract and herbal formulations of fennel with the optimized concentration of hexane: Ethyl acetate (8:2%, v/v, mobile phase) on glass coated silica gel 60 F254 plates (20 × 10 cm) scanned with the absorbance of λ260 nm under densitometric condition. The Linearity of regressions revealed a satisfactory relationship between peak area and concentration of anethole in between the range of 100-600 ng/spot. This reliable method was validated as per the ICH guidelines to fulfill the necessary parameters such as accuracy and robustness. The amount of anethole in essential oil (0.098 ± 0.002%), extract (0.101 ± 0.004%) and three herbal formulations A (0.024 ± 0.004%), C (0.019 ± 0.002%) while anethole is not detected in B formulations from fennel seed was completely estimated by the developed method. The standardized methods and its validation gave new insights of HPTLC based detection and quantification of anethole in other aromatic plants as well as in other pharmacological formulations.

Determination of Trans-Anethole in Essential Oil, Methanolic Extract and Commercial Formulations of Foeniculum vulgare Mill Using a Green RP-HPTLC-Densitometry Method

“…The precision of the other HPLC-UV technique was also found as out of the ICH recommendation as compared with the present RP-HPTLC method [25]. The linearity, accuracy and precision of a reported normal phase HPTLC-UV technique have been reported as 100-600 ng/band, 98.33-99.30% and 0.34-1.02%, respectively [38]. The accuracy and precision of the reported HPTLC-UV method were within the range of the ICH guidance.…”

“…The accuracy and precision of the reported HPTLC-UV method were within the range of the ICH guidance. Meanwhile, its linearity range was much inferior to the present RP-HPTLC method [38]. The accuracy and precision of the reported GC-flame ionization detector [FID] (GC-FID) method was observed as within the limit of ICH guidelines compared with the present RP-HPTLC method.…”

“…The method sensitivity for TAL was estimated as the detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) limits using the standard deviation (SD) technique. The LOD and LOQ of TAL were estimated in six replicates (n = 6) using their standard formulae reported in literature [38,39].…”

“…The differential pulse voltammetry technique was also utilized for the quantitative analysis of TAL in various herbal matrices [37]. A single high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique was utilized for the quantitative analysis of TAL in fennel essential oil, methanolic extract of fennel and various commercial formulations [38]. Although several analytical methods have been reported for the quantitative analysis of TAL in plant extracts, green analytical techniques for the quantitative analysis of TAL are scarce in the literature.…”

“…Although several analytical methods have been reported for the quantitative analysis of TAL in plant extracts, green analytical techniques for the quantitative analysis of TAL are scarce in the literature. In addition, the literature's HPTLC method also used a toxic solvent system in the analysis of TAL [38].…”