A hypoplastic constitutive model for structured soils

A hypoplastic model for hydrate‐bearing sand considering hydrate saturation and grain breakage

“…The assumption that $$K_i/G_i=r$$ is a constant value is adopted following the previous study 60,74 . Then we can get the volumetric factor $$f_v$$: $$$$\begin{equation} f_v=\frac{3}{2}r-f_a \end{equation}$$$$where $$f_a=1+\frac{1}{3}a_g^2-\frac{\sqrt {3}}{3}a_g$$; $$a_g=\frac{\sqrt {3}(3-\text{sin}\phi _c)}{2\sqrt {2}\text{sin}\phi _c}$$ under triaxial compression condition.…”

“…The hypoplastic model is rate-independent and has been recently employed to study soil behavior. 52,60 The stiffness in hypoplasticity is related to both mean pressure and the direction of strain rate 63 :…”

“…The assumption that 𝐾 𝑖 ∕𝐺 𝑖 = 𝑟 is a constant value is adopted following the previous study. 60,74 Then we can get the volumetric factor 𝑓 𝑣 :…”

“…The hypoplastic model based on nonlinear tensor functions without the concept of yield surface/plastic potential has been widely adopted for studying the mechanical responses of geomaterials. Numerous researches demonstrate hypoplastic capabilities of describing mechanical responses of geomaterials, such as granular sand, [50][51][52][53][54][55][56] clay, [57][58][59][60] hydrate-bearing sand. 16,17,61 Especially, the concept of critical states in soil mechanics was incorporated into the hypoplastic framework, 62,63 leading to the capabilities of predicting strain hardening and softening behavior.…”

Study on the Control Parameter of the Complex Underground Space Engineering Based on the Complementary Energy Principle with Mixed Variables

“…The rationality of design, durability of structures, and safety of construction [1,2] have been widely concerned. Different soil parameters, including the soil-water characteristic [3], nonlinear stress-strain relationship of soils [4], and structured soil types [5], can have an impact on the design of subway stations and the shield construction [6]. This paper will analyze the control parameters of the underground space structure with the Track Panel Tunnel and wall columns using the complementary energy principle with mixed variables.…”