"A influência do estilo de vida na reinternação hospitalar de pacientes diabéticos"

Abstract

Diabetes tipo 2 has been considered lately as a serious health public problem due to its causes, complications and its great population incidence. The disease affects various aspects of people's life, demanding changes in daily habits which may cause an increase in the treatment costs. The treatment costs also increases due to the several hospitalizations that becomes frequent, which leads to a burden to the Healthcare System, to the patient and his or her family. This research paper aims to investigate the influence in the way of life that the hospital internments may bring to women diagnosed with diabetes tipo 2 .The population gathered in this research was composed by 50 women, in the age group of 45 to 65. The population was divided in two main groups: Group Test (composed by women with two or more hospitalizations between the months of January and December, 2004) and Group Control (composed by women featuring only one hospitalization in the time frame specified previously. In order to gather the sample, it was taken in consideration the inclusion/admission criteria established by the Ambulatório de Endocrinologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão. The data used in this study was gathered between August, 22 nd and September 19 th of the 2005 year. Questionnaire was the method adopted, which was prepared by the researcher following the use partial Medida Canadense de Desempenho Ocupacional-MCDO. The method applied in the research matter proved to be efficient in reaching the goals of the present work. The results attained illustrate that although some women pertaining to group control exhibit difficulties in the everyday activities, such as in executing the prescribed diet, physical pursuits, social relations, in doing chores, traveling, and so on, the majority continues to perform the regular activities they were used to, which shows the viii importance of everyday activities in one's life. However, the women under group test presented that the difficulties once described above are strongly accentuated in their lives. Many of them encounter themselves with a total lack of social life, which leads them to a dissatisfaction towards life, with no challenges, interests or desires. All those factors can be attributed to a myriad of causes such as the way the disease is handled, the patient's adaptation to it, physical and emotional limitations carried with the complications that significantly contribute for the several hospitalization of women under the group test. Considering that the activities (work, leisure, self-care, social, cultural and family) supply the basic human needs, it is extremely important that research studies comprise aspects regarding the patient's way of life in order to broaden the knowledge of diabetes and to present efficient intervention strategies as well. Subsequently, Occupational Therapy can contribute in rescuing the capacities and abilities that modify one's everyday activities, enlarging the chances of diabetic patients to acquire better health habits and...

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