A kinetic scheme for styrene initiation with n‐butyllithium

Ceauşescu, Elena; Bordeianu, R.; Buzdugan, Emil; Cerchez, Irina; Ghioca, Paul; Stancu, Rodica

doi:10.1002/actp.1984.010350127

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This work, as well as a SANS study [19] shows that the oil enters mainly the PB phase. This is in agreement with conclusions based on mechanical investigations [1][2][3]. Such an increase is observed (see Fig.…”

Section: Saxs Measurementssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The synthesis and characterization of this polymer is described in [1][2][3], where it is named L -1. The synthesis and characterization of this polymer is described in [1][2][3], where it is named L -1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7a), the main effect is more a broadening of the first peak than a growing of the lefthand side of this peak. These three samples are in the region of oil dilution where, according to mechanical investigations [1][2][3], the morphological transition is supposed to take place. The three samples containing 50 ~ or more oil (Fig.…”

Section: Dimensions and Shape Of The Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological changes in SBS block copolymers caused by oil extension as determined by absolute small angle x-ray scattering

Polizzi

Stribeck

Zachmann

et al. 1989

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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A series of SBS block copolymers diluted with different amounts (0-60 wt %) of three different kinds of oil were investigated: 1) lithene PM (a low molecular weight polybutadiene); 2) a paraffinic mineral oil with its electron density close to that of the polybutadiene (PB) phase; 3) a highly aromatic mineral oil with an electron density close to the polystyrene (PS) phase. All the oils seem to go into the polybutadiene matrix. Paraffinic oil and lithene form a homogeneous phase with PB; the aromatic oil at low concentrations mixes with the PB phase with a high level ofinhomogeneity, while at higher concentration partial phase separation occurs. In the undiluted polymer, styrene forms cylinders in hexagonal packing. The distance between cylinders (about 43 nm) is not significantly changed upon dilution up to 33 wt %. Previously proposed changes in the morphology of PS domains at larger oil contents can be related to observed changes in the long period, in the segment length distributions, and in the homogeneities of the phase (density fluctuations). The electron density difference obtained for pure SBS is lower than the theoretical one calculated from the densities of pure PS and pure PB. Dilution by paraffinic oil improves the phase separation.

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Section: Saxs Measurementssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dimensions and Shape Of The Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Morphological changes in SBS block copolymers caused by oil extension as determined by absolute small angle x-ray scattering

Polizzi

Stribeck

Zachmann

et al. 1989

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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“…The reaction order with respect t o catalyst concentration was determined from data obtained in two series of runs in which ether concentration and temperature were kept constant (Figures 10 and 11). The slopes of the lines give in both cases a reaction order of 1/2, identical t o that found earlier for R-Li alone [3] and in agreement with the data of GEERTS, VAN BEYLEN and SMETS [2] obtained at much higher [L]/[I] ratios. This is despite the fact that, as pointed out by FETTERS and YOUNG [9], the degree of association of polystyryllithium decreases in the presence of aromatic ethers.…”

Section: Propagationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Anionic polymerization of styrene. Effect of aromatic ethers

et al. 1986

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The effect of aromatic ethers (anisole and diphenyl ether) on the polymerization of styrene in toluene was investigated in the range of low ether concentrations. It was found that the process of initiation is not affected by the presence of ethers: the reaction order with respect to catalyst is unity and reaction rate is independent of ether concentration. Kinetic transitions, ascribed to the formation of secondary (mixed) aggregates were found to take place even in the presence of aromatic ethers. Propagation was also found to be insensitive to the presence of aromatic ethers in the investigated range. The reaction was of order 0.5 with respect to catalyst concentration and activation energy remained unchanged.

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“…fully brominated intermediate, [19] which is exemplarily used as an initiator for cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP) of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline to yield polymer brushes or further transformed into a polyelectrolyte by reaction with 1-methyl imidazole (see Scheme 1). The polyelectrolyte derivative was employed as stabilizer for the heterophase polymerization of styrene in aqueous solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversified Applications of Chemically Modified 1,2‐Polybutadiene

Yuan

Brummelhuis

Junginger

et al. 2011

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Commercially available 1,2-PB was transformed into a well-defined reactive intermediate by quantitative bromination. The brominated polymer was used as a polyfunctional macroinitiator for the cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline to yield a water-soluble brush polymer. Nucleophilic substitution of bromide by 1-methyl imidazole resulted in the formation of polyelectrolyte copolymers consisting of mixed units of imidazolium, bromo, and double bond. These copolymers, which were soluble in water without forming aggregates, were used as stabilizers in the heterophase polymerization of styrene and were also studied for their ionic conducting properties.

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A kinetic scheme for styrene initiation with n‐butyllithium

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Morphological changes in SBS block copolymers caused by oil extension as determined by absolute small angle x-ray scattering

Morphological changes in SBS block copolymers caused by oil extension as determined by absolute small angle x-ray scattering

Anionic polymerization of styrene. Effect of aromatic ethers

Diversified Applications of Chemically Modified 1,2‐Polybutadiene

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