A landscape of preservation: late prehistoric settlement and sequence in the Jebel Qurma region, north-eastern Jordan

Akkermans, P.M.M.G.; Huigens, Harmen O.; Bruning, Merel

doi:10.1179/0075891414z.00000000041

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…While relatively scarce in the Mediterranean zone of the southern Levant, fan scrapers were abundant in pastoral nomad sites of north and south Jordan, the Negev and Sinai (Rosen 1983;McCartney 1992;McCartney & Betts 1998;Beit Arieh et al 2003;Fujii 2006;Abe 2008;Akkermans et al 2014;Rollefson et al 2014) and have been associated with the management of large herds beginning probably as early as the PN (McCartney & Betts 1998;Akkermans et al 2014;Rollefson et al 2014;Athanassas et al 2015;Rowan et al 2015). The term 'pastoralist' holds many levels of meaning, and while the essence of this term relates to the 'foundation of the management of domesticated animals' (Rollefson et al 2014 and references therein), the origins of such pastoral societies and the question of their socioeconomic independence is of major importance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abe (2008) and Müller-Neuhof (2013) include the term 'thin' without any further details. Moreover, while there are thin fan scrapers, similar tools made on flakes that are 'not thin' (from 1.5 to 2 cm thick) have been found in PN, CHG, and EBA lithic assemblages (Crowfoot-Payne 1983: 720-721;Greenhut 1989;Rosen 1993;Marder et al 1995;McCartney & Betts 1998;Bankirer & Marder 2003;Yannai & Ariel 2006;Barkai & Gopher 2012: 838, 839;Akkermans et al 2014). This was the case at Ein Zippori.…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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A techno-typological analysis of fan (tabular) scrapers from Ein Zippori, Israel

Zutovski

Yerkes

Agam

et al. 2016

JLS

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Abstract:Fan (or tabular) scrapers are a diagnostic tool type in Chalcolithic Ghassulian and Early Bronze Age lithic assemblages from the southern Levant. To date, only small numbers of fan scrapers have been reported from the Late Pottery Neolithic Wadi Rabah culture. In this paper we present a technotypological analysis of a fair sample of fan scrapers and fan scrapers spalls from Wadi Rabah and Early Bronze Age layers at Ein Zippori, Lower Galilee, Israel. Techno-typological similarities and differences of Wadi Rabah, Chalcolithic Ghassulian and Early Bronze Age fan scrapers from Ein Zippori and other sites in the region are presented, trends of change along time are noted, and an updated definition is proposed. Our results indicate that fan scrapers are highly efficient tools for accurate and prolonged animal butchering and hide working. The main advantage of fan scrapers is their mostly flat, thin morphology and large size that permits the creation of several relatively long working edges, various retouched angles (from sharp to abrupt), extensive resharpening, and a comfortable grasp. While fan scrapers were products of a local trajectory in Late Pottery Neolithic Wadi Rabah lithic industries at Ein Zippori, a standardized, off-site manufacturing of fan scrapers is evident during the Early Bronze Age.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A techno-typological analysis of fan (tabular) scrapers from Ein Zippori, Israel

Zutovski

Yerkes

Agam

et al. 2016

JLS

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“…For example, although Lebanon has an analogous geographical and environmental context to Israel, very few Epipalaeolithic, Pre‐Pottery Neolithic A and B (see Figure for explanation of archaeological time periods) sites have been documented there, and even fewer have been excavated. Recent fieldwork in both northeast and southeast Jordan has demonstrated that this region was actually much more densely populated during the late Epipalaeolithic and the end of the Neolithic than previously thought (Akkermans, Huigens, & Bruning, ; Bertrams et al, ; Rambeau et al, ; Richter, ; Rollefson, Rowan, & Wasse, ; Rowan et al, ). Recent fieldwork in Saudi Arabia is extending the archaeological record of Neolithic occupation associated with palaeolake deposits and watercourses that were created/activated in the early Holocene (Breeze et al, ; Jennings et al, ; Matter et al, ).…”

Section: The Archaeological Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 92%

20,000 years of societal vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in southwest Asia

et al. 2019

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The Fertile Crescent, its hilly flanks and surrounding drylands has been a critical region for studying how climate has influenced societal change, and this review focuses on the region over the last 20,000 years. The complex social, economic, and environmental landscapes in the region today are not new phenomena and understanding their interactions requires a nuanced, multidisciplinary understanding of the past. This review builds on a history of collaboration between the social and natural palaeoscience disciplines. We provide a multidisciplinary, multiscalar perspective on the relevance of past climate, environmental, and archaeological research in assessing present day vulnerabilities and risks for the populations of southwest Asia. We discuss the complexity of palaeoclimatic data interpretation, particularly in relation to hydrology, and provide an overview of key time periods of palaeoclimatic interest. We discuss the critical role that vegetation plays in the human–climate–environment nexus and discuss the implications of the available palaeoclimate and archaeological data, and their interpretation, for palaeonarratives of the region, both climatically and socially. We also provide an overview of how modelling can improve our understanding of past climate impacts and associated change in risk to societies. We conclude by looking to future work, and identify themes of “scale” and “seasonality” as still requiring further focus. We suggest that by appreciating a given locale's place in the regional hydroscape, be it an archaeological site or palaeoenvironmental archive, more robust links to climate can be made where appropriate and interpretations drawn will demand the resolution of factors acting across multiple scales. This article is categorized under: Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems

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“…Using satellite images and fieldwork, we collected, observed, or measured 22 descriptive features for each kite (Barge and Brochier, 2011;Crassard et al, 2014). This information was recorded for 179 kites from Aragats and 143 kites in a delimited region in Ustyurt, studied in the field.…”

Section: Kites In Aragats Ustyurt and The Near Eastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The age of kites remains uncertain, as the only rare chronological evidence is centered on the Bronze Age ( Echallier and Braemer, 1995;Van Berg et al, 2004;Nadel et al, 2010;Brochier et al, 2014). However, certain authors claim that some of these structures are Neolithic (Helms and Betts, 1987;Akkermans et al, 2014;Iamoni, 2014;Morandi Bonacossi, 2014), while petroglyphs depicting kites point towards a classical age (Harding, 1953;Kennedy and Henderson, 2012), and historical evidence of collective hunting could implicate the use of kites (Burckhardt, 1835;Barker, 1876;Mitford, 1884;Wright, 1895;Musil, 1928a,b), although correlations between the described kites and those observed here still have to be confirmed . The long-term use of these structures thus appears likely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Northernmost kites?

Barge

Brochier

Karakhanyan

2016

Quaternary International

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International audienceThe desert-kites have seen their spatial distribution considerably expanded in recent years, thanks to new discoveries. This spatial distribution shows some areas of high density, while the presence of hiatuses exists. Therefore, among these new discoveries, the Aragats kites in Armenia form an isolated aggregate. The comparison of their morphology and their integration in the landscape with other kites, and in particular with those of the Ustyurt Plateau, shows similarities between these two sets. They can clearly be discriminated from those of the whole area of distribution, which, besides, presents a high variability of their morphological characters. From this evidence, the question which arises is that of the existence of a cultural diffusion phenomenon

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A landscape of preservation: late prehistoric settlement and sequence in the Jebel Qurma region, north-eastern Jordan

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

A techno-typological analysis of fan (tabular) scrapers from Ein Zippori, Israel

A techno-typological analysis of fan (tabular) scrapers from Ein Zippori, Israel

20,000 years of societal vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in southwest Asia

Northernmost kites?

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