A light contamination ranking index-based method for automating VIIRS day/night band stray light correction

Shao, Xi; Liu, Tung-Chang; Uprety, Sirish; Wang, Wenhui; Zhang, Bin; Cao, Changyong

doi:10.1117/12.2322999

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…About 42% degradation is observed at wavelength 0.412 µm so far. At this point in the on-orbit operations, the largest degradation is confirmed as being at the shortest wavelength [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. In this figure, a coverage of the Figure 2 shows the VIIRS SD degradation as measured by the solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM) [1,[11][12][13] at five times during the mission: orbits of 2000, 5000, 15000, 35000 and 50000, which correspond to 17 March 2012, 14 October 2012, 19 September 2014, 30 July 2018, and 22 June 2021, respectively.…”

Section: Dnb Description and Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Dnb Description and Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Stray light in the DNB night images has been observed since the beginning of the VIIRS S-NPP mission. It happens in about 25% of the night scenes, covering both the northern and the southern hemispheres [10,[14][15][16]. The maximum of the contamination reaches a level of 5.0 × 10 −9 Wcm −2 sr −1 , while the radiance from the meaningful earth surface objects can be as low as 1.0 × 10 −9 Wcm −2 sr −1 .…”

Section: Stray Light Effect and Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SNPP VIIRS Day Night Band: Ten Years of On-Orbit Calibration and Performance

et al. 2021

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Aboard the polar-orbiting SNPP satellite, the VIIRS instrument has been in operation since launch in October 2011. It is a visible and infrared radiometer with a unique panchromatic channel capability designated as a day-night band (DNB). This channel covers wavelengths from 0.5 to 0.9 µm and is designed with a near-constant spatial resolution for Earth observations 24 h a day. The DNB operates at 3 gain stages (low, middle, and high) to cover a large dynamic range. An onboard solar diffuser (SD) is used for calibration in the low gain stage, and to enable the derivation of gain ratios between the different stages. In this paper, we present the SNPP VIIRS DNB calibration performed by the NASA VIIRS characterization support team (VCST). The DNB calibration algorithms are described to generate the calibration coefficient look up tables (LUTs) for the latest NASA Level 1B Collection 2 products. We provide an evaluation of DNB on-orbit calibration performance. This activity supports the NASA Earth science community by delivering consistent VIIRS sensor data products via the Land Science Investigator-led Processing Systems, including the SD degradation applied for DNB calibrations in detector gain and gain ratio trending. The DNB stray light contamination and its correction are highlighted. Performance validations are presented using comparisons to the calibration methods employed by NOAA’s operational Interface Data Processing Segment. Further work on stray light corrections is also discussed.

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Section: Dnb Description and Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Dnb Description and Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Stray Light Effect and Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SNPP VIIRS Day Night Band: Ten Years of On-Orbit Calibration and Performance

et al. 2021

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“…It is reported that residual stray light, reflectance difference between two sides of the half angle mirror (HAM), electronic effects, and detector nonlinearity are major causes of the striping [18]. Two updated methods, which are the automatic correction based on light contamination ranking index [19] and the fused correction combined from the historic stray light estimates [20], were developed recently to improve stray light correction in twilight regions. Although an algorithm based on the histogram matching method was proposed to de-stripe DNB observations collected during both day and night, it is a post-processing step to the operational production of the calibrated DNB radiances that requires additional time [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved NOAA-20 Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Day/Night Band Image Quality by Upgraded Gain Calibration

Blonski

Wang

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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Due to complex radiometric calibration, the imagery collected by the Day/Night Band (DNB) of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polar Partnership (Suomi-NPP) and the NOAA-20 follow-on satellite is subject to artifacts such as striping, which eventually affect Earth remote sensing applications. Through comprehensive analysis using the NOAA-20 VIIRS DNB prelaunch-test and on-orbit data, it is revealed that the striping results from flaws in the calibration process. In particular, a discrepancy between the low-gain stage (LGS) Earth view (EV) gain and the onboard calibrator solar diffuser view gain makes the operational LGS gain coefficients of a few aggregation modes and detectors biased. Detector nonlinearity at low radiance level also induces errors to the mid-gain stage (MGS) and high-gain stage (HGS) gain through the biased gain ratios. These systematic errors are corrected by scaling the operational LGS gains using the factors derived from the NOAA-20 VIIRS DNB prelaunch test data and by adopting linear regression for evaluating the gain ratios. Striping in the NOAA-20 VIIRS DNB imagery is visibly reduced after the upgraded gain calibration process was implemented in the operational calibration.

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“…There have been time-dependent stray-light correction in operation such as the monthly stray-light correction table prepared for SNPP and NOAA-20 Day Night Band stray-light correction. 21,22 We suggest that the stray correction for ABI CH07 can be explored in future research.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization and monitoring of GOES-16 ABI stray light and comparison with Himawari-8 AHI and GOES-17 ABI

Shao

et al. 2021

J. Appl. Rem. Sens.

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The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) aboard Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-16 and-17 satellites represent the next-generation geostationary multispectral imaging instrument. Since GOES-16 ABI imagery data became available, stray light was observed in ABI visible, near-infrared (VNIR), and 3.9 μm, i.e., CH07, channels. A stray-light characterization scheme was developed to quantitatively monitor stray-light variation in ABI imagery. The stray-light analysis is focused on ABI CH07, whose nighttime radiometric performance being impacted by stray light is of main concern. It is found that the stray light in the ABI imagery occurs over ∼3 months around spring and fall equinox each year. The maximum stray light of GOES-16 ABI CH07 is ∼0.65 K at 300 K scene in zone of normal performance (ZONP), i.e., region with relative solar angle >7.5 deg, which is within the radiometric requirement of 1 K. The analysis of Himawari-8 Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) CH07 data indicates that its maximum stray light is ∼3.35 K at 300 K scene in ZONP, much higher than that of GOES-16. This confirms the effectiveness of reducing the major stray-light leaking path in ABI as a result of lessons learned from Himawari-8 AHI. The magnitude of GOES-17 ABI CH07 stray light is shown to be ∼0.45 K in ZONP, slightly lower than GOES-16. The analysis of AHI 3.9 and 6.2 μm channel stray-light radiance ratio is shown to match the ratio of solar irradiance spectrum, which suggests that the stray-light issue is due to direct leakage of solar radiation through the instrument. Further characterization and monitoring of GOES-16 ABI VNIR channel stray light also help understand the solar origin of ABI stray light. This paper also investigated cases of strong atmospheric refraction-induced stray-light contamination onto ABI detectors during solar eclipse seasons and presents scheme to reduce such potentially harmful contamination. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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A light contamination ranking index-based method for automating VIIRS day/night band stray light correction

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

SNPP VIIRS Day Night Band: Ten Years of On-Orbit Calibration and Performance

SNPP VIIRS Day Night Band: Ten Years of On-Orbit Calibration and Performance

Improved NOAA-20 Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Day/Night Band Image Quality by Upgraded Gain Calibration

Characterization and monitoring of GOES-16 ABI stray light and comparison with Himawari-8 AHI and GOES-17 ABI

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