A long-pulse high-confinement plasma regime in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak

Li, J.; Guo, H.Y.; Wan, Baonian; Gong, Xiaojing; Liang, Y.; Xu, G. S.; Gan, Kaifu; Hu, Jiansheng; Wang, H. Q.; Wang, L.; Zeng, Long; Zhao, Yanping; Denner, P.; Jackson, G.L.; Loarte, A.; Maingi, R.; Ménard, J.; Rack, M.; Zou, X. L.

doi:10.1038/nphys2795

Cited by 254 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In doing so we put in specific limits as to frequency and the magnetic field, since in our work the objective will be to have at least theoretically a 100% chance of photon-graviton interaction [1] which is the heart of what Dyson reported in his research findings. What we find, is that with a frequency of about 10 to the 9 th Hertz and a magnetic field of 10 to the 9 th Gauss that there is nearly 100% chance of the Gertsentshtein effect being observed, within the confines of the Tokamak experiment as outlined in accommodating the geometrical considerations as related to in references [4] [5].…”

Section: Probability For the Gertsentshtein Effect As Described By Dmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The Tokamak example brings up an important point, that even if one wants to measure gravitational waves, the Gertshenshtein effect for gravitons, magnetic field, and photons is within the small 3 dimensional geometry of the detector, with an enormous magnetic field. To do this note that we are talking about a Tokamak of the type described in [4].…”

Section: Review Of the Dyson Argument Which We Cite For Use In Tokamaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that they are, averaged out one and the same thing. In doing so, making use of [1] we suppose on the basis of analysis that D is of the order of 10 to the 2 nd power, since D is usually measured in centimetre, and by [1] we are thinking of about a 1 meter If B is of the order of 10 to the 9 th Gauss Hertz, as deemed likely by the geometry as suited for [4], then we have that if the GW frequency, ω is likewise about 10 to the 9 th Hertz , that Equation (1) is easy to satisfy. The problem though is that we need to go to the Li Dectector for 3DSR, and step beyond the first document's Gertenshehtein effect becomes then having the probability below become exactly zero, in the case of the first equation in the bunch of Eq.…”

Section: Probability For the Gertsentshtein Effect As Described By Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Part 2: Review of Tokamak Physics as a Way to Construct a Device Optimal for Graviton Detection and Generation within a Confined Small Spatial Volume, as Opposed to Dyson’s “Infinite Astrophysical Volume” Calculations

Beckwith¹

2017

JHEPGC

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Review of arguments in refutation of Dyson's alleged prohibition against use of device physics as to determining if Gravitons can be determined to exist is followed up by use of a hot Plasma within a Tokamak in a redo of the amplitude of alleged Gravitational waves. This overlaps with gravitons, and we follow up with an analysis of the pertinent form of Gravitons, i.e. do we have massless or massive gravitons. In addition we also obtain GW of amplitude as low as

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Section: Probability For the Gertsentshtein Effect As Described By Dmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Review Of the Dyson Argument Which We Cite For Use In Tokamaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Probability For the Gertsentshtein Effect As Described By Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Part 2: Review of Tokamak Physics as a Way to Construct a Device Optimal for Graviton Detection and Generation within a Confined Small Spatial Volume, as Opposed to Dyson’s “Infinite Astrophysical Volume” Calculations

Beckwith¹

2017

JHEPGC

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“…The EAST has been demonstrated as long-pulsed plasma operations with toroidal field B t B 3.5 T and plasma current I p B 1 MA [10][11][12]. The EAST upper diverter has been upgraded with W/Cu plasma facing components (PFCs) with ITER like W-monoblack [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical relation between halo current-plasma energy displacement/deformation in EAST

Khan

Song

et al. 2018

J Theor Appl Phys

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In this paper, theoretical model for calculating halo current has been developed. This work attained novelty as no theoretical calculations for halo current has been reported so far. This is the first time to use theoretical approach. The research started by calculating points for plasma energy in terms of poloidal and toroidal magnetic field orientations. While calculating these points, it was extended to calculate halo current and to developed theoretical model. Two cases were considered for analyzing the plasma energy when flows down/upward to the diverter. Poloidal as well as toroidal movement of plasma energy was investigated and mathematical formulations were designed as well. Two conducting points with respect to (R, Z) were calculated for halo current calculations and derivations. However, at first, halo current was established on the outer plate in clockwise direction. The maximum generation of halo current was estimated to be about 0.4 times of the plasma current. A Matlab program has been developed to calculate halo current and plasma energy calculation points. The main objective of the research was to establish theoretical relation with experimental results so as to precautionary evaluate the plasma behavior in any Tokamak.

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“…Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) [1][2][3] is dedicated to provide a unique platform to address plasma physics and technology issues relevant for ITER under long-pulse operation conditions. Recently, great efforts [4] have been made on both physics and technology fronts to accomplish this mission with all ITER-relevant auxiliary heating and current drive systems, enabling the investigation of plasma profile control by coupling/integration of various combinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress of RF-dominated experiments on EAST

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The research of EAST program is mostly focused on the development of high performance steady state scenario with ITER-like poloidal configuration and RF-dominated heating schemes. With the enhanced ITER-relevant auxiliary heating and current drive systems, the plasma profile control by coupling/integration of various combinations has been investigated, including lower hybrid current drive (LHCD), electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH). The 12 MW ICRH system has been installed on EAST. Heating and confinement studies using the Hydrogen Minority Heating scheme have been investigated. One of the importance challenges for EAST is coupling higher power into the core plasma, experiments including changing plasma position, electron density, local gas puffing and antenna phasing scanning were performed to improve ICRF coupling efficiency on EAST. Results show that local gas injection and reducing the k|| can improve the coupling efficiency directly. By means of the 4.6 GHz and 2.45 GHz LHCD systems, H-mode can be obtained and sustained at relatively high density, even up to ne ~ 4.5 × 10 19 m -3, where a current drive effect is still observed. Meanwhile, effect of source frequency (2.45GHz and 4.6GHz) on LHCD characteristic has been studied on EAST, showing that higher frequency improves penetration of the coupled LH (lower hybrid) power into the plasma core and leads to a better effect on plasma characteristics. Studies demonstrate the role of parasitic effects of edge plasma in LHCD and the mitigation by increasing source frequency. Experiments of effect of LH spectrum and plasma density on plasma characteristics are performed, suggesting the possibility of plasma control for high performance. The development of a 4MW ECRH system is in progress for the purpose of plasma heating and MHD control. The built ECRH system with 1MW source power has been successfully put into use on EAST in 2015. H-mode discharges with L-H transition triggered by ECRH injection were obtained and its effects on the electron temperature, particle confinement and the core MHD stabilities were observed. By further exploring and optimizing the RF combination for the sole RF heating and current drive regime, fully non-inductive H-mode discharges with V loop~0 V has progressed steadily in the 2016 campaign. The overview of the significant progress of RF dominated experiments is presented in this paper.

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A long-pulse high-confinement plasma regime in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak

Cited by 254 publications

References 40 publications

Part 2: Review of Tokamak Physics as a Way to Construct a Device Optimal for Graviton Detection and Generation within a Confined Small Spatial Volume, as Opposed to Dyson’s “Infinite Astrophysical Volume” Calculations

Part 2: Review of Tokamak Physics as a Way to Construct a Device Optimal for Graviton Detection and Generation within a Confined Small Spatial Volume, as Opposed to Dyson’s “Infinite Astrophysical Volume” Calculations

Theoretical relation between halo current-plasma energy displacement/deformation in EAST

Recent progress of RF-dominated experiments on EAST

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