A Long-Term, High-Quality, High-Vertical-Resolution GPS Dropsonde Dataset for Hurricane and Other Studies

Wang, Junhong; Young, Kathryn; Hock, Terry; Lauritsen, Dean; Behringer, Dalton; Black, Mark M.; Black, Peter G.; Franklin, James L.; Halverson, Jeffrey B.; Molinari, John; Nguyen, Leon; Reale, Anthony; Smith, Jeff; Sun, Bomin; Wang, Qing; Zhang, Jun A.

doi:10.1175/bams-d-13-00203.1

Cited by 61 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Moreover, it is possible to validate the previous results derived from numerical outputs of ALADIN for the Hurricane DUMILE by comparing these results with several observed soundings into the Hurricane Earl (Wang et al, 2015). Figs.…”

Section: Impact On Isentropic Stream-functionssupporting

confidence: 53%

A Third-Law Isentropic Analysis of a Simulated Hurricane

Marquet

2017

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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The moist-air entropy can be used to analyze and better understand the general circulation of the atmosphere or convective motions. Isentropic analyses are commonly based on studies of different equivalent potential temperatures, all of which are assumed to fully represent the entropy of moist air. It is, however, possible to rely either on statistical physics or the third law of thermodynamics when defining and computing the absolute entropy of moist air and to study the corresponding third-law potential temperature, which is different from the previous ones. The third law assumes that the entropy for the most stable crystalline state of all substances is zero when approaching absolute zero temperature. This paper shows that the way all these moist-air potential temperatures are defined has a large impact on: (i) the plotting of the isentropes for a simulation of the Hurricane DUMILE; (ii) the changes in moist-air entropy computed for a steam cycle defined for this Hurricane; (iii) the analyses of isentropic stream functions computed for this Hurricane; and (iv) the computations of the heat input, the work function, and the efficiency defined for this steam cycle.The moist-air entropy is a state function and the isentropic analyses must be completely determined by the local moist-air conditions. The large differences observed between the different formulations of moist-air entropy are interpreted as proof that the isentropic analyses of moist-air atmospheric motions must be achieved by using the third-law potential temperature defined from general thermodynamics.

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Section: Impact On Isentropic Stream-functionssupporting

confidence: 53%

A Third-Law Isentropic Analysis of a Simulated Hurricane

Marquet

2017

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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“…We use the quality controlled dataset of Wang et al (2015) which contains 17 years of data from 120 tropical cyclones. (We note that dropsondes from the U.S. Air Force, and from field projects that did not use NOAA aircraft, are not included in this dataset.)…”

Section: Comparison To Observations and Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Method for Simulating Wind Profiles in the Boundary Layer of Tropical Cyclones

Bryan

Worsnop

Lundquist

et al. 2016

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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A method to simulate characteristics of wind speed in the boundary layer of tropical cyclones in an idealized manner is developed and evaluated. The method can be used in a single-column modelling set-up with a planetary boundary-layer parametrization, or within large-eddy simulations (LES). The key step is to include terms in the horizontal velocity equations representing advection and centrifugal acceleration in tropical cyclones that occurs on scales larger than the domain size. Compared to other recently developed methods, which require two input parameters (a reference wind speed, and radius from the centre of a tropical cyclone) this new method also requires a third input parameter: the radial gradient of reference wind speed. With the new method, simulated wind profiles are similar to composite profiles from dropsonde observations; in contrast, a classic Ekman-type method tends to overpredict inflow-layer depth and magnitude, and two recently developed methods for tropical cyclone environments tend to overpredict near-surface wind speed. When used in LES, the new technique produces vertical profiles of total turbulent stress and estimated eddy viscosity that are similar to values determined from low-level aircraft flights in tropical cyclones. Temporal spectra from LES produce an inertial subrange for frequencies 0.1 Hz, but only when the horizontal grid spacing 20 m.

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“…So far, these methodologies have been applied to wind measurements from rawinsondes or flight-level estimates of winds from an aircraft gust probe. Wind measurements from GPS dropsondes (Wang et al 2015) now offer the opportunity to measure the vertical profiles of D and x during airborne field campaigns. However, this methodology needs to be evaluated.…”

Section: Using Dropsondes To Measure the Large-scale Vertical Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation

et al. 2017

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Trade-wind cumuli constitute the cloud type with the highest frequency of occurrence on Earth, and it has been shown that their sensitivity to changing environmental conditions will critically influence the magnitude and pace of future global warming. Research over the last decade has pointed out the importance of the interplay between clouds, convection and circulation in controling this sensitivity. 123Surv Geophys (2017) 38:1529-1568 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-017-9428-0 cumuli at cloud base is very sensitive to changes in environmental conditions, while process models suggest the opposite. To understand and resolve this contradiction, we propose to organize a field campaign aimed at quantifying the physical properties of tradecumuli (e.g., cloud fraction and water content) as a function of the large-scale environment. Beyond a better understanding of clouds-circulation coupling processes, the campaign will provide a reference data set that may be used as a benchmark for advancing the modelling and the satellite remote sensing of clouds and circulation. It will also be an opportunity for complementary investigations such as evaluating model convective parameterizations or studying the role of ocean mesoscale eddies in air-sea interactions and convective organization.

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A Long-Term, High-Quality, High-Vertical-Resolution GPS Dropsonde Dataset for Hurricane and Other Studies

Cited by 61 publications

References 44 publications

A Third-Law Isentropic Analysis of a Simulated Hurricane

A Third-Law Isentropic Analysis of a Simulated Hurricane

A Simple Method for Simulating Wind Profiles in the Boundary Layer of Tropical Cyclones

EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation

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