A low-cost pyrogas cleaning system for power generation: Scaling up from lab to pilot

Paethanom, Anchan; Bartocci, Pietro; Alessandro, B.; Amico, M. D’; Testarmata, Fabio; Moriconi, N.; Slopiecka, Katarzyna; Yoshikawa, Kunio; Fantozzi, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.06.044

Cited by 49 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This process relies on thermal decomposition of biomass by heating in an inert atmosphere and leads to the formation of solid residue, tar, water and combustible gases. Different pyrolysis types exist: slow, fast and flash, depending mainly on temperature, heating rates, residence times and type of biomass [12]. Modification of these parameters allows controlling the process to decrease or increase the product yields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolytic Degradation of Olive Waste Residue (OWR) by TGA: Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Kinetic Study

Alrawashdeh¹,

Slopiecka²,

Alshorman³

et al. 2017

JEPE

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Abstract:Olive oil is an important food industry product in Mediterranean countries. Large quantities of OWR (olive waste residue) are generated during a two-or three-phase separation process. This represents a major pollution problem for the industry and oil farms. The OWR is a source of substances of high value and can be used as a low-cost renewable energy. This work studied the behaviour of OWRs during the thermal decomposition process. The experiments of the slow pyrolysis process of three different waste olive products as olive pomace, olive tree pruning and olive kernels were performed under a nitrogen atmosphere at different heating rates, using a thermogravimetric balance. The samples were heated to a maximum temperature of 1,023 K, with four different heating rates of 2, 5, 10, 15 K/min. A comparison of different isoconversional (Flynn-Wall-Ozawa), not-isoconversional (Kissinger) model-free and model-fitting (Freeman-Carroll) methods to calculate the activation energy and pre-exponential factor is presented. In the Kissinger method the kinetic parameters were invariant for the whole pyrolysis process. While, in the case of Freeman-Carroll, it differs with change of the heating rate. The Flynn-Wall-Ozawa technique revealed the "not one-step" mechanism of reaction that occurs during the slow pyrolysis process. The kinetic data obtained in nitrogen atmosphere may provide more useful information for engineers for a better and complete description of the pyrolysis process and can be helpful to predict the kinetic model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolytic Degradation of Olive Waste Residue (OWR) by TGA: Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Kinetic Study

Alrawashdeh¹,

Slopiecka²,

Alshorman³

et al. 2017

JEPE

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“…Tar deposition observed on the heat exchanger was minimal, indicating that most of the tar was removed by the filter. Higher pressure drop across the filter for High tar removal efficiency of the cleaning system equipped with oil bubbler (97%) indicates that, unlike in previous studies [24,25,27] that have used oil scrubber, an oil bubbler is also effective for removal of syngas tar. High tar removal efficiency of 98% with sunflower oil [24] and final tar content of 0.022 g/Nm 3 with waste palm cooking oil [27] have been reported.…”

Section: Variation Of Pressure Drop Across Wood Shavings Filter For Tmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Higher pressure drop across the filter for High tar removal efficiency of the cleaning system equipped with oil bubbler (97%) indicates that, unlike in previous studies [24,25,27] that have used oil scrubber, an oil bubbler is also effective for removal of syngas tar. High tar removal efficiency of 98% with sunflower oil [24] and final tar content of 0.022 g/Nm 3 with waste palm cooking oil [27] have been reported. The high tar removal efficiency of the oil-based cleaning system is attributed to oil's lipophilicity characteristics, the ability of the oil to dissolve non-polar hydrocarbons [27].…”

Section: Variation Of Pressure Drop Across Wood Shavings Filter For Tmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…However, the tar content at the outlet of oil bubbler was still not low enough for engine application. In conclusion, oil may have been effective in reduction of heavy tar [24], but additional cleaning is necessary for the removal of light tars. …”

Section: Tar Reduction Efficiency Of Wood Shavings Filter With Vegetamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, wet cleaning systems require expensive waste water treatment, so safe discharge of the tar mixed solution is a challenge [15][16][17]. A series of heat exchangers [20][21][22] and oil scrubber [23][24][25][26][27] have shown to be effective in reducing tar to as low as 10 mg/Nm 3 . The tar collected from the heat exchanger and used oil from the oil scrubber can be recycled back to the gasifier [28,29], which eliminates waste effluent treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Syngas Cooling and Biomass Filter Medium on Tar Removal

et al. 2017

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Biomass gasification is a proven technology; however, one of the major obstacles in using product syngas for electric power generation and biofuels is the removal of tar. The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate effectiveness of tar removal methods by cooling the syngas and using wood shavings as filtering media. The performance of the wood shavings filter equipped with an oil bubbler and heat exchanger as cooling systems was tested using tar-laden syngas generated from a 20-kW downdraft gasifier. The tar reduction efficiencies of wood shavings filter, wood shavings filter with heat exchanger, and wood shavings filter with oil bubbler were 10%, 61%, and 97%, respectively.

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Tar removal from the producer gas of a small scale downdraft gasifier using a fatty acid based, wet packed‐bed scrubber

Lotfi,

Ma,

Austin

et al. 2023

Can J Chem Eng

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Small scale gasification combined heat and power (CHP) systems offer an alternative to diesel fuelled generators for power generation in remote communities and industrial sites. Tar and particulates in the producer‐gas can damage the internal combustion engine generator and increase operation and maintenance costs. In this work, we present a novel trickle‐bed scrubber using filtered waste cooking oil as a cost effective and easy‐to‐operate gas clean‐up method for a small CHP system. The performance of the trickle‐bed scrubber was compared against a packed‐bed filter utilizing woodchips in a 20 kWth downdraft gasifier. Used‐cooking oil was selected as the solvent and woodchips as the bed‐material as these are readily available, inexpensive, and can be recycled in the gasifier as fuel. A woodchip packed‐bed filter reduced the tar and particulate matter (PM) in the producer gas from gasification of spruce chips (11% moisture) from 1.6 to 1.4 g/Nm3 and from 0.16 to 0.087 g/Nm3 respectively. The trickle‐bed scrubber was able to reduce the tar and PM in the producer gas from gasification of pinewood (8% moisture) from 1.38 to 0.28 g/Nm3, and 0.209 to 0.082 g/Nm3, respectively. Tar and PM removal efficiency improved by 60% and 29% respectively. Components such as benzene, toluene, naphthalene, and biphenylene were the major tar components. After passing the trickle‐bed, most tar was removed, with a preference for removal of multi‐ringed aromatics and gravimetric tars. Parameters such as the tar and particulate concentration, feedstock moisture content, and feedstock source affect the performance of the gas clean‐up system.

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A low-cost pyrogas cleaning system for power generation: Scaling up from lab to pilot

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Pyrolytic Degradation of Olive Waste Residue (OWR) by TGA: Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Kinetic Study

Pyrolytic Degradation of Olive Waste Residue (OWR) by TGA: Thermal Decomposition Behavior and Kinetic Study

Effects of Syngas Cooling and Biomass Filter Medium on Tar Removal

Tar removal from the producer gas of a small scale downdraft gasifier using a fatty acid based, wet packed‐bed scrubber

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