A Low-Profile Programmable Beam Scanning Holographic Array Antenna Without Phase Shifters

Pan, Shaopeng; Lin, Mingtuan; Xu, Ming; Zhu, Shichao; Bian, Li-an; Li, Gaosheng

doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3116158

Cited by 94 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Advanced wireless technology with real-time reconfigurability is indispensable for URLLC, security, and robust connectivity in smart industries. As a result, a smart antenna system is envisioned as the backbone for dynamic industrial communication, ensuring adaptable and flexible industrial processes [ 2 , 31 , 32 ]. Some of the key digital drivers of Industry 4.0 excerpted from Ref.…”

Section: Industrial Revolution Toward Industry 40 and Beyondmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve high communication performance, the PHY-based solutions, for instance, smart antenna systems with aided features such as dynamic reconfigurability, beamforming array, and multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO), can enhance the spectral efficiency and throughput of industrial communication [ 31 , 32 , 49 , 50 ]. At sub-6 GHz, the communication channel, wave propagation conditions, and hardware capabilities are well studied, and path losses are well managed by a single antenna or a few antennas.…”

Section: Industrial Activity Categorization and Key Performance Indic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leveraging the Role of Dynamic Reconfigurable Antennas in Viewpoint of Industry 4.0 and Beyond

et al. 2023

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Industry 4.0 is a digital paradigm that refers to the integration of cutting-edge computing and digital technologies into global industries because of which the state of manufacturing, communication, and control of smart industries has changed altogether. Industry 4.0 has been profoundly influenced by some major disruptive technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), smart sensors, machine learning and artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data analytics, advanced robotics, augmented reality, 3D printing, and smart adaptive communication. In this review paper, we discuss physical layer-based solutions with a focus on high reliability and seamless connectivity for Industry 4.0 and beyond applications. First, we present a harmonized review of the industrial revolution journey, industrial communication infrastructure, key performance requirements, and potential sub-6-GHz frequency bands. Then, based on that, we present a comprehensive review of intelligent tunable dynamic antenna systems at sub-6 GHz as key enablers for next-generation smart industrial applications. State-of-the-art smart antenna techniques such as agile pattern reconfigurability using electrical components, machine learning- and artificial intelligence-based agile beam-scanning antennas, and beam-steerable dynamic metasurface antennas are thoroughly reviewed and emphasized. We unfolded the exciting prospects of reconfigurable dynamic antennas for intelligent and reliable connectivity in application scenarios of Industry 4.0 and beyond such as Industrial IoT and smart manufacturing.

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Section: Industrial Revolution Toward Industry 40 and Beyondmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Industrial Activity Categorization and Key Performance Indic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging the Role of Dynamic Reconfigurable Antennas in Viewpoint of Industry 4.0 and Beyond

et al. 2023

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“…Beam steerable antennas are widely used in a range of emerging applications, including radar systems and satellite communications. They have the capability of enhancing communication security, improving channel capacity, and adapting to changing channel conditions [1] - [8]. A phased array antenna is a popular example of a beam steerable antenna [9] - [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Beam Steering Realized by Tunable Ground in a Patch Antenna

Zhou

Alkaraki

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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A continuously steerable patch antenna employing liquid metal is presented. The proposed antenna employs a novel tunable ground plane together with parasitic steering to steer the direction of the main beam. The tunable ground plane consists of a permanent region, made from copper, and two tunable regions formed from liquid metal. The liquid metal channels were fabricated using 3D printing technology. By continuously injecting liquid metal into channels, the proposed patch antenna can provide continuous beam steering from -30 to +30 in the elevation plane, while achieving low side lobe level performance combined with low scan loss performance. Such an approach has never been tried before and it is only possible due to the unique properties of liquid metal. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that tunable ground plane has been used for a patch antenna to achieve continuous beam steering. The proposed antenna operates at 5.3 GHz. The antenna is fabricated and measured. Measurement results agree well with the simulation results and validate the effectiveness of the proposed beam steering technique. The proposed antenna has a measured gain of 8.1 dBi at 5.3 GHz and wide bandwidth performance. The tunable ground technique proposed in this work will find numerous applications within future wireless communications systems.INDEX TERMS 3D printing, beam scanning, continuous beam steering, liquid metal, microstrip patch antenna, pattern reconfiguration, wide scan angle.

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“…In [17] an innovative and novel glasses frame antenna for IoT applications was implemented. In [18] a programmable beam scanning antenna without phase shifters operating in the Xband was designed for IoT relay communication. In [19] a shark-fin antenna was designed and implemented, the antenna is suitable for future railway communication systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Gain Fan-Beam Pattern Antenna Based on the Utilization of Diffracted Fields From Dielectric Slabs Edges for IoT and Sensing Applications

Al-Alem

Sifat

Antar

et al. 2023

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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A high gain, low-cost antenna structure is designed for a smart car parking system. The antenna uses Printed Ridge Gap Waveguide (PRGW) technology, which is fully shielded, and suppresses any parasitic radiation from the feed, and minimizes back-lobe radiation. The proposed antenna uses a single MSL feed point, which eliminates the need for any complex feeding network design, and allows the antenna to be integrated easily with PCB transceiver circuitry. A novel technique for the design procedure is proposed, the technique provides a generalization of using either electric or magnetic excitations with dielectric or magnetic rectangular slabs. A unique physical insight accompanied with a thorough analysis of the propagation mechanism is provided. The technique has a significant impact on reducing the complexity of the feeding network. The realized structure is compact, low profile, and low cost. The beam pattern of the antenna is a Fan-Beam (Elliptical) pattern which is well suited for various sensing and Internet of Things (IoT) applications.INDEX TERMS High gain antennas, internet of things, low-profile antennas, low-cost antennas, smart car parking systems.

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A Low-Profile Programmable Beam Scanning Holographic Array Antenna Without Phase Shifters

Cited by 94 publications

References 44 publications

Leveraging the Role of Dynamic Reconfigurable Antennas in Viewpoint of Industry 4.0 and Beyond

Leveraging the Role of Dynamic Reconfigurable Antennas in Viewpoint of Industry 4.0 and Beyond

Continuous Beam Steering Realized by Tunable Ground in a Patch Antenna

High Gain Fan-Beam Pattern Antenna Based on the Utilization of Diffracted Fields From Dielectric Slabs Edges for IoT and Sensing Applications

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