A mass vaccination campaign targeting adults and children to prevent typhoid fever in Hechi; Expanding the use of Vi polysaccharide vaccine in Southeast China: A cluster-randomized trial

Yang, Jing; Acosta, Camilo J.; Ai, Guo; Zeng, Jun; Li, Cui Yun; Liang, Dan; Ochiai, R. Leon; Page, Anne Laure; Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina; Zhang, Jie; Zhou, Bao De; Liao, He zhuang; Wang, Ming liu; Tan, Dong Mei; Tang, Zhenchen; Gong, Jian; Park, Jin Kyung; Ali, Mohammad; Ivanoff, B; Liang, Gui Chen; Yang, Hong; Pang, Tikki; Xu, Zhi; Donner, Allan; Galindo, Claudia; Dong, Bai Qing; Clemens, John D.

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-5-49

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The catchment area includes two populous areas: Jin Cheng Jiang, an urban area (26 km 2 ), and Don Jiang, a rural area (191 km 2 ). The site was originally set up by the International Vaccine Institute (IVI) in collaboration with the Guangxi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for a multi-centric Vi polysaccharide vaccine effectiveness evaluation for typhoid fever [13,14]. All residents of Jin Cheng Jiang and Dong Jiang were enumerated in late 2001 by the vaccine trial project staff and were followed in subsequent years for medical and vital demographic events including deaths.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial risk for gender-specific adult mortality in an area of southern China

et al. 2007

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Background: Although economic reforms have brought significant benefits, including improved health care to many Chinese people, accessibility to improved care has not been distributed evenly throughout Chinese society. Also, the effects of the uneven distribution of improved healthcare are not clearly understood. Evidence suggests that mortality is an indicator for evaluating accessibility to improved health care services. We constructed spatially smoothed risk maps for gender-specific adult mortality in an area of southern China comprising both urban and rural areas and identified ecological factors of gender-specific mortality across societies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial risk for gender-specific adult mortality in an area of southern China

et al. 2007

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“…Large‐scale vaccination campaigns have been launched in China, Pakistan, Vietnam, Indonesia and India among over 200 000 individuals. Some results on feasibility, logistics, vaccine coverage and safety are available (Yang et al 2005). Effectiveness results will be available by the year 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi‐country cluster randomized controlled effectiveness evaluation to accelerate the introduction of Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine in developing countries in Asia: rationale and design

Acosta

Galindo

Ali

et al. 2005

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summary Phase‐III vaccine efficacy trials typically employ individually randomized designs intended to ensure that measurements of vaccine protective efficacy reflect only direct vaccine effects. As a result, decisions about introducing newly licensed vaccines into public health programmes often fail to consider the substantially greater protection that may occur when a vaccine is deployed in public health programmes, due to the combination of direct plus indirect vaccine protective effects. Vaccine total protection can be better evaluated with cluster randomized trials. Such a design was considered to generate policy relevant data to accelerate the rationale introduction of the licensed typhoid fever Vi polysaccharide (PS) vaccine in Asia by the Diseases of the Most Impoverished (DOMI) typhoid fever programme. The DOMI's programme multi‐country study is one of the largest cluster randomized vaccine trials ever mounted in Asia, which includes approximately 200 000 individuals. Its main objective is to determine the effectiveness of a licensed Vi PS vaccine. The rationale and design of this study are discussed. Preliminary results are presented that determined the final planning of the trial before immunization. Important methodological and practical issues regarding vaccine cluster randomized designs are illustrated.

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“…A locally produced Vi vaccine in Shanghai, China, demonstrated a 69% protective efficacy in a randomized double-blind, placebocontrolled trial amongst 5-19 years old children [26,27]. Single-dose mass vaccination campaigns targeting school children were carried out in Vietnam and Indonesia and were also conducted in China in both adults and children [28][29][30]. The impact of drug resistance may improve the cost effectiveness of mass vaccination programs in typhoid endemic countries [31].…”

Section: Typhoid Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Enteric Vaccines

Jain¹,

Bhattacharya²

2014

J Vaccines Vaccin

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Worldwide, enteric infections are the second commonest cause of disease burden due to all infectious diseases. It is estimated that they are responsible for 1.3 million deaths per year, mostly in children below 5 years of age in the developing world. Enteric infections are caused by a gamut of bacterial, viral and parasitic agents. These include viruses (rotaviruses, enteric adenoviruses, astroviruses, human caliciviruses), bacterial agents (Vibrio cholerae, Shigella spp., enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. including Salmonella Typhi) and parasites. While suitable effective licensed vaccines are available against some of the enteric infections, many such diseases do not have a vaccine against them. Understanding the current scenario of vaccine development against these diseases is of paramount importance. This article reviews the current scenario in vaccine research and development against some of the common human viral and bacterial enteric pathogens of public health importance. Vaccines against parasitic diseases are not discussed.

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A mass vaccination campaign targeting adults and children to prevent typhoid fever in Hechi; Expanding the use of Vi polysaccharide vaccine in Southeast China: A cluster-randomized trial

Abstract: Background: One of the goals of this study was to learn the coverage, safety and logistics of a mass vaccination campaign against typhoid fever in children and adults using locally produced typhoid Vi polysaccharide (PS) and group A meningococcal PS vaccines in southern China.

Cited by 38 publications

References 8 publications

Spatial risk for gender-specific adult mortality in an area of southern China

Spatial risk for gender-specific adult mortality in an area of southern China

A multi‐country cluster randomized controlled effectiveness evaluation to accelerate the introduction of Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine in developing countries in Asia: rationale and design

Human Enteric Vaccines

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