A mechanism for selective lymphocyte homing in bovine hemal nodes

Zhang, Weidong; Nasu, Tetsuo; Yasuda, Masahiro

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.10.007

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, it would be expected that dendritic and other antigen processing and presenting cells such as macrophages may translocate viral antigen from peripheral tissue sites towards different lymphoid organs as part of the adaptive immune response. The homing of antigen-laden dendritic cells and other immune cells into secondary lymphoid organs is a widely accepted phenomenon in mammalian immunobiology (Bajenoff et al, 2003;Creusot et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2013). Taken together, all the present IHC data suggest that the preferential homing of antigen-laden histiocytic and dendritic cells occurs during BEFV infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Taken together, all the present IHC data suggest that the preferential homing of antigen-laden histiocytic and dendritic cells occurs during BEFV infection. This immunological phenomenon is mainly attributed to chemokine and cytokinemediated receptor and ligand molecule expression by antigen presenting cells and high endothelial venules located within secondary lymphoid organs (Bajenoff et al, 2003;Zhang et al, 2013). Of the three lymphoid organs evaluated in this study, the haemal node appeared to have a higher number of presumed intrafollicular dendritic cells and histiocytes with intracellular viral antigen than the spleen or lymph node.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

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A study of viral tissue tropism and cytokine expression in Bovine Ephemeral Fever

Barigye¹

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While the clinical and pathological aspects of Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF) have been studied in cattle, major gaps still remain in our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. In particular, the cytokine networks that underlie fever and inflammation during acute BEF, and mechanisms that mediate the nascent adaptive immune response have not been empirically defined. In addition, the potential in vivo replication sites of BEFV, and the mechanistic events that underlie the paresis and chronic paralysis in some field BEF cases have also not been defined. The objectives of this research were: (1) to characterise the plasma kinetics of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and IL-10 during natural BEFV infections in cattle; (2) to evaluate the plasma kinetics of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 during the period of innate-immune response transition; and (3) to determine the overall tissue tropism and potential replication sites, along with assessing the likelihood of neurotropism of BEFV in naturally infected cattle. For the cytokine expression studies, experiments were carried out on two different cohorts of animals raised at two farms at different time points. Briefly, plasma from three BEFV-infected and three uninfected cattle was tested by cytokine-specific cELISA, viraemia monitored by qRT-PCR, and virus neutralising antibody titres determined using a standard protocol. Similarly, plasma from another four virus-infected and uninfected negative control animals was tested for the four study cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10), and viraemia and virus neutralising antibody titres determined. Biological specimens from nine adult cattle that died or were euthanised at different time points following natural BEFV infections were tested for viral antigen and RNA by IHC and qRT-PCR, respectively. In addition, virus isolation in autogenously derived splenic and haemal node cultures, and electron microscopic examination of ultrathin ii sections from various tissues taken from the steer necropsied seven days after BEF diagnosis were performed. For the neurotropism studies, fresh brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerve, and other tissues were collected from four paralysed and six asymptomatic but virus-infected cattle and tested for viral RNA by qRT-PCR.Formalin-fixed tissues were routinely evaluated for histomorphological lesions and for viral antigen presence and distribution by IHC. Unlike the negative controls, plasma concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were consistently increased in the three virus-infected animals. Two of these heifers were recumbent and pyrexic on the first day of monitoring and increased cytokine production was already in progress by the time viraemia was detected in all the three infected animals. In all the virus-infected heifers, IL-1β was the most strongly expressed cytokine, IL-6 and IL-10 manifested intermediate plasma concentrations while TNF-α was the least expressed and demonstrated bi-phasic peaks three and five days after the onset of pyrexia. In two of the BEFV-...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

A study of viral tissue tropism and cytokine expression in Bovine Ephemeral Fever

Barigye¹

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“…Hemal nodes or hemolymph nodes are lymphoid organs. The hemal node has some lymphoid follicles, similar to lymph nodes but the sinusoidal systems are more extensive, similar to the spleen and contain blood instead of lymph, producing a red macroscopic appearance (Zhang et al 2013 ). These are observed in a wide range of animals, including man.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate induces a newly discovered hematopoietic structure in the omentum of an anemic mouse model by stimulating G-CSF production

et al. 2016

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We previously reported that the injection of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (NBP) induced the site of erythropoiesis to shift from the bone marrow (BM) to the spleen. Our previous study established a severely anemic mouse model that was treated with a combination of NBP with phenylhydrazine (PHZ), which induced newly discovered hematopoietic organs in the omentum. No reports have shown that new hematopoietic organs form under any condition. We characterized the structures and factors related to the formation of these new organs. Splenectomized mice were treated with NBP to inhibit erythropoiesis in the BM and then injected with PHZ to induce hemolytic anemia. The mice showed severe anemia and wine-colored structures appeared in the omentum. Some hematopoietic cells, including megakaryocytes, and well-developed sinuses were observed in these structures. Numerous TER119-positive erythroblasts were located with cells positive for PCNA, a cell proliferation marker. C-kit-positive cells were detected and mRNAs related to hematopoiesis were expressed in these structures. Moreover, TER119-positive erythroblasts emerged and formed clusters and hematopoiesis-related factors were detected in the omentum of mice treated with NBP and PHZ. The levels of G-CSF in the serum and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in the peripheral blood were increased upon treatment with both NBP and PHZ. These results suggest that the induced hematopoietic structures act as the sites of erythropoiesis and that NBP-induced G-CSF production causes HPC mobilization, homing and colonization in the omentum because they constitutively express some factors, including SDF-1; thus, the newly discovered hematopoietic structure in this study might be formed.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00441-016-2525-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Extramedullary erythropoiesis occurs in various organs, including the lungs, heart, thymus, and hemal nodes, under abnormal conditions such as acute anemia [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Induction Of Newly Discovered Hematopoietic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Experimental Anemic Model by Using a Nitrogen- Containing Bisphosphonate

Nakamura¹

2017

Ann Nutr Disord & Ther

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Anemia is a pathological condition associated with various diseases including cancer, and is indicated by a reduction in erythrocyte numbers or the amount of hemoglobin in the peripheral blood. The analysis of changes in hematopoiesis during anemia is important to develop novel therapies and to understand hematopoietic ontogeny. We previously reported that injecting animals with Nitrogen-Containing Bisphosphonate (NBP), which is an inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption, decreased erythropoiesis in Bone Marrow (BM). Moreover, we induced severe anemia in a mouse model by injecting NBP in combination with Phenylhydrazine (PHZ), and embryonic type globin mRNA was detected in both the BM and the liver in this anemia model. In addition, wine-colored capsuled structures were unexpectedly observed in the abdominal cavity of this anemic mouse model, and active erythropoiesis was also observed in these structures. Here, we review recent insights into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying various forms of anemia that have been gained through our findings. Keywords:Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate; Extramedullary hematopoiesis; Embryonic hemoglobin; GCSF; SDF-1 diseases [10][11][12]. We previously reported that mice injected with NBP developed decreased erythropoiesis in their BM (Figure 1) [13]. We induced severe anemia in a mouse model by injecting NBP in combination with Phenylhydrazine (PHZ), and we then analyzed the erythropoiesis and the levels of different types of hemoglobin in this model. Here, we review recent insights from the established severely Abbreviations NBP:Nitrogen-Containing

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A mechanism for selective lymphocyte homing in bovine hemal nodes

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

A study of viral tissue tropism and cytokine expression in Bovine Ephemeral Fever

A study of viral tissue tropism and cytokine expression in Bovine Ephemeral Fever

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate induces a newly discovered hematopoietic structure in the omentum of an anemic mouse model by stimulating G-CSF production

New Experimental Anemic Model by Using a Nitrogen- Containing Bisphosphonate

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