A Mediterranean diet does not alter plasma trimethylamine<i>N</i>-oxide concentrations in healthy adults at risk for colon cancer

Griffin, Laura E.; Djurić, Zora; Angiletta, Chris J.; Mitchell, Cassie M; Baugh, Mary Elizabeth; Davy, Kevin P.; Neilson, Andrew P.

doi:10.1039/c9fo00333a

Cited by 59 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…We focused the report on 27 articles as shown in the PRIMA diagram [ 25 - 51 ]; 13 of these studies were carried out in Spain [ 26 - 28 , 33 , 35 , 38 , 41 , 44 - 46, 48, 49, 51 ], 3 studies were carried out in the USA [ 25 , 31 , 47 ], 3 studies were carried out in Italy [ 30 , 36 , 40 ], 4 studies were carried out in other European Union countries [ 32 , 34 , 39 , 50 ] and 4 studies were carried out in Australia [ 29 , 37 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet and its Benefits on Health and Mental Health: A Literature Review

Ventriglio¹,

Sancassiani²,

Contu³

et al. 2020

CPEMH

111

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Mediterranean Diet (MD) is currently considered one of the most healthy dietary models worldwide. It is generally based on the daily intake of fruit and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, fish, white meats, and olive oil. It may also include moderate consumption of fermented dairy products, a low intake of red meat, and red/white wine during the main course. Even if the effect of MD on cancer prevention as well as on human metabolic and cardiovascular balance has been discussed, including the quality of life of the exposed population, the putative effects on mental health are still not properly investigated. This narrative review reports on some emerging pieces of evidence on the possible impact of MD on general health and the outcome of psychiatric disorders (e.g., major depression, anxiety) and encourages further studies to test the benefits of healthy food selection on the health of the general population.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet and its Benefits on Health and Mental Health: A Literature Review

Ventriglio¹,

Sancassiani²,

Contu³

et al. 2020

CPEMH

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, a paleolithic diet rich in whole grains also led to lower serum TMAO and abundance of TMA producer Hungatella [130]. In 115 healthy people at increased risk of developing colon cancer, a Mediterranean (moderate in fish) diet did not cause significant changes in the (fasting) TMAO concentrations after 6 months of supplementation [131]. Daily red meat consumption (providing 258 mg L-carnitine/day) [95] caused elevations in TMAO median levels of around 7 µM (interquartile range 4-11 µM).…”

Section: Tmao Variability By Dietmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Dysbiosis has been shown to promote kidney disease, since the intestinal barrier becomes more permeable for microbially generated metabolites [145][146][147]. Relative abundance of Akkermansiamucinophilia in colon biopsies was shown to be inversely correlated with TMAO levels [131]. A. mucinophilia is a mucotroph bacterium and an indicator of a functioning intestinal mucus layer [126,148].…”

Section: Tmao Variability By Microbiome Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Relation to Cardiometabolic Health—Cause or Effect?

2020

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Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is generated in a microbial-mammalian co-metabolic pathway mainly from the digestion of meat-containing food and dietary quaternary amines such as phosphatidylcholine, choline, betaine, or L-carnitine. Fish intake provides a direct significant source of TMAO. Human observational studies previously reported a positive relationship between plasma TMAO concentrations and cardiometabolic diseases. Discrepancies and inconsistencies of recent investigations and previous studies questioned the role of TMAO in these diseases. Several animal studies reported neutral or even beneficial effects of TMAO or its precursors in cardiovascular disease model systems, supporting the clinically proven beneficial effects of its precursor, L-carnitine, or a sea-food rich diet (naturally containing TMAO) on cardiometabolic health. In this review, we summarize recent preclinical and epidemiological evidence on the effects of TMAO, in order to shed some light on the role of TMAO in cardiometabolic diseases, particularly as related to the microbiome.

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“…Epidemiological studies have reported an inverse correlation between habitual adherence to the Mediterranean diet and urinary [ 156 ] as well as plasma [ 157 ] TMAO levels in the Southern European population. However, six months of Mediterranean dietary intervention failed to reduce the fasting TMAO concentration in healthy North American volunteers at risk of colon cancer [ 158 ]. This discrepancy may be explained by population differences, which are known to affect the microbiota composition [ 159 ].…”

Section: Potential Therapies In Choline-related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Choline Bioavailability from Diet, Intestinal Microbiota Composition, and Its Modulation of Human Diseases

et al. 2020

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Choline is a water-soluble nutrient essential for human life. Gut microbial metabolism of choline results in the production of trimethylamine (TMA), which, upon absorption by the host is converted into trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in the liver. A high accumulation of both components is related to cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and chronic kidney disease. However, the relationship between the microbiota production of these components and its impact on these diseases still remains unknown. In this review, we will address which microbes contribute to TMA production in the human gut, the extent to which host factors (e.g., the genotype) and diet affect TMA production, and the colonization of these microbes and the reversal of dysbiosis as a therapy for these diseases.

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A Mediterranean diet does not alter plasma trimethylamineN-oxide concentrations in healthy adults at risk for colon cancer

Abstract: A Mediterranean diet does not reduce circulating TMAO, a metabolite that is associated with chronic disease risks.

Cited by 59 publications

References 52 publications

Mediterranean Diet and its Benefits on Health and Mental Health: A Literature Review

Mediterranean Diet and its Benefits on Health and Mental Health: A Literature Review

Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Relation to Cardiometabolic Health—Cause or Effect?

The Relationship between Choline Bioavailability from Diet, Intestinal Microbiota Composition, and Its Modulation of Human Diseases

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