A mesoporous silica nanosphere-based drug delivery system using an electrically conducting polymer

Cho, Youngnam; Shi, Riyi; Ivanisevic, Albena; Borgens, Richard B.

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/20/27/275102

Cited by 73 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Cell culture testing using neuronal PC12 cells verified that NGF released from the films was active after electrical stimulation. However, the films produced a substantial amount of drug "leakage" in the absence of stimulation, although stimulation nearly doubled the final release quantity [318].…”

Section: Nanostructured Drug-releasing Cp Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Nanostructured Coatings for Improved Charge Delivery to Neurons

Kozai

Alba

Zhang

et al. 2014

Nanotechnology and Neuroscience: Nano-Electronic, Photonic and Mechanical Neuronal Interfacing

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This chapter explores the variability and limitations of traditional stimulation electrodes by first appreciating how electrical potential differences lead to efficacious activation of nearby neurons and examining the basic electrochemical mechanisms of charge transfer at an electrode/electrolyte interface. It then covers the advantages and current challenges of emerging micro-/nanostructured electrode materials for next-generation neural stimulation microelectrodes. Introduction to Electrical Stimulation of NeuronsStimulation electrodes have many clinical applications. The most common clinically approved stimulator is the artificial cardiac pacemaker, which is implanted into patients with a slow or arrhythmic heartbeat [1]. Artificial pacemakers use electrodes placed directly in contact with the heart muscles to regulate heart rate by delivering a timed series of electrical pulses. Another common stimulation device implanted into many adults and children is the cochlear implant [2]. Cochlear duct electrodes are designed as a series of stimulation contacts arranged along a flexible silicone carrier (Fig. 4.1a). These electrodes are placed into the cochlea where they directly electrically stimulate nerve cells, bypassing damaged hair cells that transduce acoustic vibrations into electrical impulses in the underlying nerve cells. (Fig. 4.1b). Electrical stimulation in these deep brain structures, such as the basal ganglia, has been used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease including tremor and bradykinesia, as well as other movement disorders such as dystonia [3][4][5]. In addition, DBS is being studied as a treatment for stroke, chronic pain, major depression, and chronic obesity [6-10]. For epilepsy and major depression, vagal nerve stimulation offers an alternative that does not require brain surgery [11,12]. In the extremities, functional electrical stimulation (FES) is used to deliver electrical current to activate nerves or muscles in disabled patients. FES has been applied to aid in standing, walking, and basic handgrips and for restoring bowel and bladder function [13][14][15]. Many other electrical stimulation applications exist, including the restoration of somatosensation and vision, the treatment of hypertension and gastroparesis, and the promotion of nerve regeneration [16][17][18][19].While these neurostimulation devices have demonstrated some success in bypassing, replacing, or treating damaged neural circuits, they are far from being able to reliably restore natural function in all patients. In order to understand the variability and limitations of traditional stimulation electrodes, we must first appreciate how electrical potential differences lead to efficacious activation of nearby neurons and examine the basic electrochemical mechanisms of charge transfer at an electrode/electrolyte interface. This chapter will first lay out our current knowledge of these areas and afterwards will cover the advantages and current challenges of emerging micro-/nanostructured electrode materials for ...

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Section: Nanostructured Drug-releasing Cp Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…One method is to introduce nanodomains into the CP [318]. This can be accomplished by incorporating drug (NGF) into mesoporous silica nanoparticle reservoirs, which are then embedded within the CP along with the co-dopant PSS during electrochemical deposition resulting in a CP-based composite [318] (Fig.…”

Section: Nanostructured Drug-releasing Cp Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Coatings for Improved Charge Delivery to Neurons

Kozai

Alba

Zhang

et al. 2014

Nanotechnology and Neuroscience: Nano-Electronic, Photonic and Mechanical Neuronal Interfacing

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“…Investigators concluded that PPy promotes transport of SSA through PPA matrix, and its rate of release can be controlled by adjustment of the appropriate parameters. Cho et al [77] investigated mesoporous silica nanoparticles ( 100 nm in diameter) loaded with NGF and imbedded into PPy film. This system was able to control release of NGF, which induced specific cellular response in the PC-12 cells targeted by it.…”

Section: Release and Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical applications of electrically conductive polymeric systems

Jagur‐Grodzinski

2012

E-Polymers

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Properties of the electrically conductive polymers (ECPs) enable introduction of several novel applications in various fields, among others, as biomedical materials. Their use as scaffolds for tissue engineering and recovery of damaged neural tissues is especially advantageous. They may also be used for the electrically induced drug release and delivery, and as very sensitive biosensors for clinical applications. Another use is the detection and precision of the biologically important chemical materials. They have been shown to modulate and accelerate activities of the nerve, skeletal, muscle, and bone cells. Cell growth, migration and adhesion, may be stimulated by applying electric potential. Synthesis of DNA, secretion of proteins, and transformations of stem cells may be enhanced. Clinical analysis using ECP-based biosensors make possible the precise determination of the exact composition of individual DNA molecules, and thus enable early detection and treatment of genetically related diseases. Electrochemical (EC) approach of ECP-sensors enables precise determination of concentrations of several biologically important chemicals.

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“…However, electrochemical deposition using a solution composed of a biological entity and pyrrole monomers restricted homogeneous drug distribution throughout the PPy surface and interfered with electrochemical control of various parameters such as film thickness, loading concentration, and diffusion of the biomolecules of interest. In order to improve the performance of mesoporous CPCs, Cho's group proposed an alternative method [73]. As reservoirs of single or multiple substances, nanoparticles are capable of delivering highly concentrated chemical agents in a controlled-release manner [74][75][76][77][78].…”

Section: Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%