A meta-model approach for formal specification and consistent management of multi-LOD building models

Abualdenien, Jimmy; Borrmann, André

doi:10.1016/j.aei.2019.04.003

Cited by 46 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…To further specify design uncertainty separated from other uncertainties inherent in the BIM model we used the term vagueness. In this, we differ from Abualdenien and Borrmann [41] where design uncertainty was referred to as fuzziness. Both concepts are, however, closely connected according to [48].…”

Section: Sampling Process Sensitivity and Contribution Analysismentioning

confidence: 91%

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Uncertainty Analysis of Embedded Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Using BIM in Early Design Stages

et al. 2020

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With current efforts to increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of buildings in the operational phase, the share of embedded energy (EE) and embedded GHG emissions is increasing. In early design stages, chances to influence these factors in a positive way are greatest, but very little and vague information about the future building is available. Therefore, this study introduces a building information modeling (BIM)-based method to analyze the contribution of the main functional parts of buildings to find embedded energy demand and GHG emission reduction potentials. At the same time, a sensitivity analysis shows the variance in results due to the uncertainties inherent in early design to avoid misleadingly precise results. The sensitivity analysis provides guidance to the design team as to where to strategically reduce uncertainties in order to increase precision of the overall results. A case study shows that the variability and sensitivity of the results differ between environmental indicators and construction types (wood or concrete). The case study contribution analysis reveals that the building’s structure is the main contributor of roughly half of total GHG emissions if the main structural material is reinforced concrete. Exchanging reinforced concrete for a wood structure reduces total GHG emissions by 25%, with GHG emissions of the structure contributing 33% and windows 30%. Variability can be reduced systematically by first reducing vagueness in geometrical and technical specifications and subsequently in the amount of interior walls. The study shows how a simplified and fast BIM-based calculation provides valuable guidance in early design stages.

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Section: Sampling Process Sensitivity and Contribution Analysismentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The method is integrated with the concept of building development levels (BDL) developed within the EarlyBIM research group [41,42]. BDL describes the project-specific maturity of a BIM model.…”

Section: Sampling Process Sensitivity and Contribution Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty Analysis of Embedded Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Using BIM in Early Design Stages

et al. 2020

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“…At the same time, each of the subprojects performed detailed research for the current best practices used to support these stages and manage their vague and uncertain nature. Based on the outcomes from the literature review and the identified gaps in (Abualdenien and Borrmann 2019a;Zahedi and Petzold 2018;Harter et al 2018;Schnellenbach-Held and Steiner 2019;Mattern and König 2018;Singh et al 2018; Abualdenien and Borrmann 2019b), we implemented the following approach:…”

Section: Fig 2: Earlybim Subprojects and The Interaction Between Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistent management and evaluation of building models in the early design stages

Abualdenien¹,

Schneider-Marin²,

Zahedi³

et al. 2020

ITcon

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The early stages of building design involve the consideration of different design variants and their assessment regarding various performance criteria including energy consumption and costs. During the design process, the involved experts from different disciplines frequently exchange building information to develop a design that satisfies the project’s requirements and objectives. In the course of this iterative process, the building design evolves throughout multiple refinement stages. At the same time, different variants are developed. In BIM-based projects, the maturity of the design information provided by the model is expressed by the notion of Level of development (LOD). So far, however, there is no method to formally define the information requirements of a LOD. In particular, there are no means for expressing the uncertainty involved with the provided information. By contrast, despite the insufficient information available in early design stages, a BIM model appears precise and certain. This situation leads to false assumptions and model evaluations, for example, in the case of energy efficiency calculations or structural analysis. Hence, this paper presents an overview of a set of approaches that were developed to alleviate and preserve the consistency of the designed solutions. The approach includes the development of a multi-LOD meta-model, which allows one to explicitly describe the LOD requirements of each building component type incorporating the possible uncertainties, e.g. concerning the building dimensions. On the basis of this multi-LOD model, methods for evaluating a building design’s performance regarding the building’s structure and life cycle energy performance are proposed that take the defined uncertainties into account. To support the management of design variants in one consistent model, a graph-based approach is introduced. Finally, a minimized communication protocol is described to facilitate the workflow and communicate the evaluation results for supporting the decision-making process.

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“…Previous studies investigated BIM from various perspectives, such as BIM maturity (Succar, 2009;Dakhil et al, 2019 andAbualdenien &Borrmann, 2019), BIM capacities or uses (Ghannadpour et al, 2019), BIM policies (Kassem & Succar, 2017), decision making and governance (Singh et al, 2011;Nawari, 2012;Alreshidi et al, 2017;Alreshidi et al, 2018;Olawumi &Chan, 2019 andAbualdenien &Borrmann, 2019), and collaboration, interoperability, and integrity (Vanlande et al, 2008;Singh et al, 2011;Eadie et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2017;Lai &Deng, 2018 andAlreshidi et al, 2018). Yet, only a few studies focused on the Level of Development (LOD), although it is a crucial part of BIM adoption process as the early definition of the correct LOD will influence the progression of BIM implementation process in the following stages of the project (Leite et al, 2011).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The available standards require highly accumulated experience and understanding of the entire BIM uses implemented through the life cycle of the project. The BIM implementation remains a manual process (entered by user or modeler) (Abualdenien et al, 2019). The researchers emphasized that automating the use of BIM related standards under a user-friendly graphical interface could improve governance, facilitate team collaboration, and enhance decision-making during construction projects (Nawari, 2012;Alreshidi et al, 2017 andYalcinkaya &Singh, 2019).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of information requirements for implementing Building Information Modeling based on model uses

Alshorafa¹,

Ergen²

2020

ITcon

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This study aimed to provide guidance in adopting BIM, specifically in determining the level of development of the components in a model. The main objective was to identify the information items to be included in a model based on the required BIM uses. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with nine professionals to identify the information items that are required for the selected BIM uses. The professionals filled out a form by selecting the required information items from a list of component properties for specific BIM uses. The responses were analyzed to determine the most frequently selected information items for each BIM use. The results were validated via literal replication and external validation. The main properties that were most frequently selected were determined for two types of building components, duct and pipe, and limited to five BIM uses. The study revealed that the most frequently selected properties and related BIM modeling effort varied based on the BIM use/s required in different project types. The list of identified information items can be used by the practitioners when defining the properties required to prepare a BIM model for the selected BIM uses. The practitioners can utilize the findings of this study to increase their efficiency in adopting BIM and decrease the time and effort loss and cost overruns while adopting BIM. Although the previous studies emphasized that determination of the right level of development from the very beginning of the construction process is critical, guidance on which information items are required are lacking in the literature. This study provided guidance on how the required properties of elements that are going to be included in a BIM model changes based on BIM uses. Future studies can investigate the information needs required for other types of components and for other BIM uses.

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A meta-model approach for formal specification and consistent management of multi-LOD building models

Cited by 46 publications

References 41 publications

Uncertainty Analysis of Embedded Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Using BIM in Early Design Stages

Uncertainty Analysis of Embedded Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Using BIM in Early Design Stages

Consistent management and evaluation of building models in the early design stages

Identification of information requirements for implementing Building Information Modeling based on model uses

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