A method for calculating unfrozen water content of silty clay with consideration of freezing point

Chai, Mingtang; Zhang, Jianming; Zhang, Hu; Mu, Yanhu; Gao-chen, Sun; Yin, Zhiyong

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2018.05.015

Cited by 80 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The variation of VWC with temperature is similar to the previous research results (e.g., 52,53 ). As shown in Figure 9b–d, the content of residual volumetric unfrozen water in pores increases with increasing salt content, and the rate of VWC fall decreases with increasing solute concentration.…”

Section: Results and Analysessupporting

confidence: 90%

Study on the mechanism of crystallization deformation of sulfate saline soil during the unidirectional freezing process

Zhang

Lai

Yan-hu

et al. 2020

Permafrost & Periglacial

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The freezing of sulfate saline soil involves the coupling effect of heat and mass transfer and crystallization deformation. The influence of salt content and temperature on the crystallization of ice and salt was analyzed by using a one‐side freezing experiment. Based on the effect of solute and temperature on water activity, a crystallization kinetics model of ice–water phase change in saline soil was established. The application of supersaturation in the crystallization kinetics model of solution–crystal phase change is improved with the Frezchem model. The calculated results are compared with experimental data to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. the study shows that: (a) crystallization can be well illustrated by the proposed model based on the concepts of the formation factor of ice crystals and solution supersaturation; (b) convection and diffusion are the main means of salt redistribution, which cause the accumulation of salt above the freezing front and the formation of discontinuously distributed–layered salt crystal zones; and (c) the alternate crystallization of ice and salt increases variation i solute concentration and then increases crystallization pressure, which leads to the deformation of salt expansion.

show abstract

Section: Results and Analysessupporting

confidence: 90%

Study on the mechanism of crystallization deformation of sulfate saline soil during the unidirectional freezing process

Zhang

Lai

Yan-hu

et al. 2020

Permafrost & Periglacial

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…simplified parametric model is accurate and effective to calculate the unfrozen water content in frozen soils when the temperature is lower than the initial freezing point of bound water (T w ). Previous studies (Chai et al, 2018;Kozlowski, 2007;Razumova, 1965;Tian & Wei, 2014) agree with the results in Figure 5, that the initial freezing point of the bound water (T w ) is between -1.5°C and -4°C (no certain value). When T>T w , the unfrozen water contains capillary water and bound water.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…initial water content (Chai et al, 2018) and slightly affected by temperature, the main factor affecting the total bound water content is soil salinity.…”

Section: The Main Factors That Affect the Calculated Thickness Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morin clay Silty Clay Xian loess Clay (%) d<0.002mm 23 19 14 Silt (%) 0.002mm<d<2mm 62 70 75 Sand (%) d>2mm 15 11 11 As (m 2 g -1 ) 60.5 52 39 wm at -18°C (%) 3 2.29 1.48 Ratio of wm to As at -18°C (Å) 5.0 5.09 5.1 Note: the ratio is calculated from Equation 7. Particle-size distributions of Morin Clay, Silty Clay and Xian Loess come from Xu et al (1985), Chai et al (2018), Tang et al (2018), respectively.…”

Section: Soil Sizesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reasons for using a power exponential expression to describe the SFCC have not been sufficiently or quantitatively supported, especially with regard to the surface effects. The form of this expression has been attributed to a range of factors, including surface effects (Dash, 1989; Watanabe & Mizoguchi, 2002), a meniscus between the water on the surface of a soil particle and air in the pore (Chai et al, 2018), and soil pore distribution (Bai et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2017). Some researchers attributed the exponential expression of the SFCC to the capillary water produced by soil pore distribution (Bai et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2017), while others explained it only by the surface effects (Dash, 1989; Watanabe & Mizoguchi, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modeling the Unfrozen Water Content of Frozen Soil Based on the Absorption Effects of Clay Surfaces

Jin

Yang

Gao

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Use of an artificial neural network model for estimation of unfrozen water content in frozen soils

Ren

Fan

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A portion of pore water is typically in a state of unfrozen condition in frozen soils due to the complex soil-water interactions. The variation of the amount of unfrozen water and ice has a significant influence on the physical and mechanical behaviors of the frozen soils. Several empirical, semi-empirical, physical and theoretical models are available in the literature to estimate the unfrozen water content (UWC) in frozen soils. However, these models have limitations due to the complex interactions of various influencing factors that are not well understood or fully established. For this reason, in the present study, an artificial neural network (ANN) modeling framework is proposed and the PyTorch package is used for predicting the UWC in soils. For achieving this objective, extensive UWC data of various types of soils tested under various conditions were collected through an extensive search of the literature. The developed ANN model showed good performance for the test dataset. In addition, the model performance was compared with two traditional statistical models for UWC prediction on four additional types of soils and found to outperform these traditional models. Detailed discussions on the developed ANN model, and its strengths and limitations in comparison to different other models are provided. The study demonstrates that the proposed ANN model is simple yet reliable for estimating the UWC of various soils. In addition, the summarized UWC data and the proposed machine learning modeling framework are valuable for future studies related to frozen soils.

show abstract

A method for calculating unfrozen water content of silty clay with consideration of freezing point

Cited by 80 publications

References 20 publications

Study on the mechanism of crystallization deformation of sulfate saline soil during the unidirectional freezing process

Study on the mechanism of crystallization deformation of sulfate saline soil during the unidirectional freezing process

Modeling the Unfrozen Water Content of Frozen Soil Based on the Absorption Effects of Clay Surfaces

Use of an artificial neural network model for estimation of unfrozen water content in frozen soils

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About