A METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF INTERFACIAL TENSION OF LIQUID-LIQUID SYSTEMS¹

Abstract

Furfuryl chloride has been isolated in a pure state, analyzed and its physical properties have been determined. It is a relatively unstable substance but of sufficient stability to be distilled in a vacuum and used in a variety of reactions. It seems obviously more stable than the corresponding bromide and iodide. This is the first time the parent -halogen methyl ftiran has been obtained in a pure, free condition, having previously been known only in solution.2. The chlorine atom possesses a high order of reactivity, comparable to that of the chlorine in benzyl chloride. Eight ethers have been prepared from the -furfuryl chloride and their physical properties determined.The allyl-a-furfuryl ether has been prepared by the direct reaction between the chloride and allyl alcohol.3. The synthesis of this reactive chloride has opened up new possibilities in the furan series and investigations of other reactions using -furfuryl chloride are being continued.

Application of Depletion Attraction in Mineral Flotation: II. Effects of Depletant Concentration

“…In order to evaluate the change in the surface tension depending on the concentration of PEG during the flotation test, the surface tension was measured using a surface tension analyzer (DST60, SEO Co., Ltd., Suwon, Korea). In this study, we determined the surface tension through the Du Noüy ring method using a Pt ring [41]. The concentration of the PEG solution was fixed at 5 × 10 −5 -30 wt %.…”

Sterically Hindered Aromatic Compounds. VI. A Remote ε-Deuterium Kinetic Isotope Effect in the Solvolysis of Perdeutero-2,4,6-tri-tert-butylbenzyl Chloride

“…steric acceleration) involving congestion of hydrogen atoms, the hydrogen derivative is expected to be more strained than the deuterium derivative in the initial state and the former would react at a faster rate. This kind of argument has been used before (1,12,15) but there is relatively meager convincing evidence of this 'normal' isotopk effect, at least in systems where the possibility o f hyperconjugation effects do not obscure this steric factor. It has been estimated (6) that, in ordinary systems where hyperconjugation is possible, only a small portion (2-5%) of the observed effect is due to nonbonded interactions.…”

Measurement of interfacial tension of immiscible liquids of equal density

“…The use of high-purity chemicals may have reduced the percent error. For ordinary accuracy requirements, no capillary corrections for meniscus height readings are necessary, as indicated by Bartell and Miller (1928).…”

“…In this paper, we present a new approach that was originally developed by Bartell and Miller (1928) to measure the interfacial tension between two liquids of equal density. They used this method to measure the interfacial tension of dark liquids with water since they were unable to observe a falling drop in the dark liquid as required with the drop weight apparatus, or to Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to V. K. Mathur.…”