A method of energy balancing in crop production and its application in a long-term fertilizer trial

Hülsbergen, Kurt‐Jürgen; Feil, B.; Biermann, Steffen; Rathke, G.-W.; Kalk, Wolf-Dieter; Diepenbrock, W.

doi:10.1016/s0167-8809(00)00286-3

Cited by 269 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Many other reports have also shown that the application of N fertilizer represented a major component of the total energy input in agricultural systems (e.g. Zentner et al, 1989;Hülsbergen et al, 2001;Esengun et al, 2007). On the contrary, energy inputs related to manure application was much lower compared to chemical fertilizers.…”

Section: Energy Inputsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Energy inputs-yield relationship and sensitivity analysis of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) production in Markazi Region of Iran

Afshar

Alipour

Hashemi

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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Pistachio is considered as an important agricultural commodity in Iran and ranks top amongst all exported agricultural products. Conducting an overall energy audit and economic analysis of pistachio production can provide useful information to help implement management strategies for improving energy efficiency. A study was conducted during 2009 and 2010 to evaluate the overall energy inputs and outputs and to perform an economic analysis of pistachio production in the Iranian province of Markazi. The results revealed that the total energy input for pistachio production was 54305 MJ ha -1 . Electricity, followed by diesel fuel and nitrogen fertilizer application were the highest contributors to energy input in pistachio orchards. The contribution of direct energy was higher than indirect energy and share of non-renewable energy was more than renewable energy. Net energy, energy use efficiency, energy productivity and specific energy were 7522 MJ ha -1 , 0.86, 0.08 kg MJ -1 and 13.69 MJ kg -1 , respectively. Econometric model based on Cobb-Douglas function indicated that impacts of electricity, diesel fuel and chemical fertilizer energy inputs on pistachio yield were positive while the impact of machinery was negative. The marginal physical productivity (MPP) value for diesel fuel was the highest among other variables, followed by energy inputs related to the chemicals and irrigation water. The results revealed that production of pistachios in Markazi Province, under current management practices, are not energy efficient and efforts should be made to improve energy use efficiency.Additional key words: econometric model; energy use efficiency; renewable energy; sustainability.

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Section: Energy Inputsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Energy inputs-yield relationship and sensitivity analysis of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) production in Markazi Region of Iran

Afshar

Alipour

Hashemi

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…The nitrogen use efficiency decreases with denitrification and the subsequent loss of the gaseous nitrogen from the soil [22]. Fertilizer management practices may reduce energy utilization up to 72 %; consequently, herbicide utilization and pollution also decrease [16,23,24,25]. The use of the appropriate fertilizers in the agriculture systems is also reported to increase the water uptake [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the energy and exergy efficiencies of farm to fork grain cultivation and bread making processes in Turkey and Germany

Değerli

Nazir

Sorgüven

et al. 2015

Energy

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Energy and exergy efficiencies of the wheat and rye bread and hamburger bun making processes are assessed based on data from Turkey and Germany. Amount of the land required to produce the same amount of wheat in Turkey is 3.34 times of that required in Germany; this ratio is 2.30 for the rye grain. These results show that the efficiency of the conversion of the solar energy into the grain mass is low in Turkey. Cumulative degree of perfection (CDP) for the wheat and the rye grain production is 3.73 and 4.96 in Turkey, and 11.26 and 10.46 in Germany. Specific energy utilization for rye bread production is almost the same in Turkey and Germany; but it is 12 % higher in Turkey for wheat bread and hamburger bun making. Hamburger bun production requires the maximum energy utilization due to the higher weight loss in baking. The rye bread production process requires the minimum energy utilization due to the lower energy input in the agriculture and higher efficiency in the flour production. The maximum exergy destructions occur during the milling and the baking steps.Keywords: Bread making, energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, carbon dioxide emission Correspondence: mozilgen@yeditepe.edu.tr 2 Highlights• Agriculture determines the energy and exergy efficiency of bread making• Conversion efficiency of the solar energy into grain mass is lower in Turkey• The smallest energy and exergy is needed for the rye bread making• The largest energy and exergy is needed for the hamburger bun making• Energy efficiency per mass of bread production is 12 % higher in Germany 3

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“…Meteorological parameters and additional data of individual sites are shown in Table1. Inputs of solar energy, human labour, energy for drying, storage, and biomass transport from the farm to the customers were not taken into account (Hülsbergen et al, 2001). Direct and indirect inputs included energy of fuels, machines, seeds, pesticides, and potassium and phosphorus fertilizers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low-input systems in some parts of Africa reach only 1 GJ*ha -1 . It is great contrast with Western Europe with amount of 30 GJ*ha -1 of supplementary energy (Hülsbergen et al, 2001). Current global trend is moving towards increasing in agrosystem inputs via the usage of heavy machinery and high doses of fertilizers and pesticides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy balance of chosen crops and their potential to saturate energy consumption in Slovakia

Hrčková¹,

Pollák²,

Britanák³

et al. 2016

JCEA

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The aim of the present work was to assess and compare energy inputs and outputs of various crop managements in 2011-2012. Two main crops on arable land and three permanent grasslands were investigated. Silage maize (Zea mays L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown on lowland, whilst two semi-natural grasslands and grassland infested by tufted hair-grass (Deschampsia caespitose (L.) P. Beauv) were located in mountainous regions of Slovakia. In these crops and grasslands the dry matter yield was measured and subsequently the supplementary energy, energy gain and unifying energy value -tonne of oil equivalent (TOE) -were calculated. Silage maize with 233.37 GJ*ha -1 has provided the highest energy gain. In the group of grasslands, grassland infested by tufted hair-grass has offered the highest energy gain (59.77 GJ*ha -1 ). And this grassland had the lowest requirement on the supplementary energy (3.66 GJ*ha -1 ), contrary to silage maize with highest one (12.37 GJ*ha -1 ). The total energy potential of the crop biomasses was confronted with energy consumption in Slovakia. Winter wheat has the biggest energy potential, but it could cover only 19.6% and 11.3% total consumption of electricity or natural gas, respectively. Large area of permanent grasslands and their spatial location make them an important energy reservoir for bioenergy production. But, it is not possible to replace all consumed fossil fuels by bioenergy from these tested renewable energy sources. AbstraktCieľom predkladanej štúdie bolo zhodnotiť a porovnať vstupy a výstupy energie pre pestovateľské technológie silážnej kukurice (Zea mays L.) a pšenice letnej (Triticum aestivum L.) v nížinnej oblasti a troch trvalých trávnych porastov (dva poloprírodné a porast osídlený metlicou trstnatou, Deschampsia caespitose (L.) P. Beauv) v horských oblastiach Slovenska počas obdobia 2011-2012. Plodiny boli porovnávané z hľadiska úrod sušiny, dodatkovej energie a energetického zisku prevedením na zjednocujúcu energetickú veličinu -tona ropného ekvivalentu (TOE). Najvyšší energetický zisk bol dosiahnutý pri silážnej kukurici (233.37 GJ*ha -1 ). V skupine trvalých trávnych porastov dominoval porast osídlený metlicou trstnatou so ziskom energie (59.77 GJ*ha -1 ). Tento trávny porast vyžadoval na svoju prevádzku veľmi nízky vklad dodatkovej energie (3.66 GJ*ha -1 ) v porovnaní so silážnou kukuricou (12.37 GJ*ha -1 ). Celkový potenciál rastlinnej biomasy bol konfrontovaný so spotrebou energie na Slovensku. Najpriaznivejší energetický potenciál poskytla pšenica, ale aj napriek tomu by dokázala pokryť iba 19,6% spotreby elektrickej energie a 11,3% spotreby zemného plynu. Vysoká výmera plôch trvalých trávnych porastov a oblasti kde sa nachádzajú, sú dôvodom, prečo sa pokladajú za významný rezervoár bioenergie. Nie je však možné nahradiť spotrebu fosílnych palív energiou biomasy testovaných plodín.Kľúčové slová: energetický potenciál, kukurica, metlica trstnatá, obnoviteľná energia, pšenica letná, tona ropného ekvivatentu, trvalý trávny porast Deta...

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A method of energy balancing in crop production and its application in a long-term fertilizer trial

Cited by 269 publications

References 21 publications

Energy inputs-yield relationship and sensitivity analysis of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) production in Markazi Region of Iran

Energy inputs-yield relationship and sensitivity analysis of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) production in Markazi Region of Iran

Assessment of the energy and exergy efficiencies of farm to fork grain cultivation and bread making processes in Turkey and Germany

Energy balance of chosen crops and their potential to saturate energy consumption in Slovakia

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