A method to assess the effects of pesticides on the predatory mite<i>Phytoseiulus persimilis</i>(Acari Phytoseiidae) in the laboratory

Duso, Carlo; Malagnini, Valeria; Pozzebon, Alberto; Buzzetti, Filippo Maria; Tirello, Paola

doi:10.1080/09583150802521251

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…All trials were conducted using the micro-immersion bioassay (Dennehy et al 1993;Castagnoli et al 2005;Duso et al 2008). Mites were placed into a small pipette tip, after which the acaricide solution was drawn up, immersing the mites for 30 s. The mites were ejected from the pipette, dried on filter paper and then transferred into holding cells with a fine brush.…”

Section: Acaricidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to acaricides in Italian strains of Tetranychus urticae: toxicological and enzymatic assays

et al. 2012

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Section: Acaricidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to acaricides in Italian strains of Tetranychus urticae: toxicological and enzymatic assays

et al. 2012

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“…Topical applications to predators or prey were conducted by the micro-immersion bioassay (Dennehy et al, 1993;Castagnoli et al, 2005;Duso et al, 2008). Mites were drawn into a small pipette tip one at a time, after which the test solution was applied, immersing the mites for 30 s. The mites were ejected from the pipette, dried on filter paper, and then transferred to experimental cages using a fine brush.…”

Section: Toxicological Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide side-effects on predatory mites: the role of trophic interactions

Pozzebon

Duso

2010

Trends in Acarology

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465The control of spider mites in protected crops is often critical due to the development of mite resistance to acaricides. Studies of the side-effects of pesticides on beneficial mites are required in order to improve integrated spider mite management. Pesticide side-effects on predatory mites of the family Phytoseiidae can be studied at the field or laboratory level. In the field, phytoseiid abundance can be related to the presence of prey and/or alternative foods, which can affect the response of predatory mites to pesticides. We investigated whether pesticide side-effects on phytoseiids may be mediated by trophic interactions. In the laboratory we evaluated the effects of two insecticides (derived from pyrethrins and Beauveria bassiana) on the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis by testing the same under various exposure conditions (leaf residues, treated prey, topical application). The effects of these insecticides on P. persimilis were higher when the predators were fed with treated prey. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of pyrethrins on the predatory mite Amblyseius andersoni on vines with low or high incidence of the plant pathogenic fungus Plasmopara viticola (grape downy mildew, GDM). GDM mediated interactions between pyrethrins and A. andersoni since it is alternative food for this predatory mite. The implications of these studies for the development of toxicological methods and integrated pest management are discussed.

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“…reproductive [7]–[10], longevity [11]–[13], orientation [14]–[17] and feeding behaviors [18], [19]). The ability of pesticide-treated individuals that survive exposure to provide ecosystem services, such as predation and parasitization, can be strongly compromised [20]–[22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Biopesticides Affect the Demographic Traits of a Parasitoid Wasp and Its Biocontrol Services through Sublethal Effects?

et al. 2013

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Pesticide risk assessments are usually based on short-term acute toxicity tests, while longer-term population dynamic related traits, critical to the success of biological control and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs, are often overlooked. This is increasingly important with respect to new biopesticides that frequently cause no short-term acute effects, but that can induce multiple physiological and behavioral sublethal effects, leading to a decrease in population growth and ecosystem services. In this study we assessed the lethal and sublethal effects of six biopesticides [abamectin, azadirachtin, Bacillus thuringiensis, borax plus citrus oil (Prev-Am®), emamectin benzoate, and spinosad], used in tomato crops to control the invasive pest Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), on adults and pupae of the parasitoid Bracon nigricans (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Data on female survival and production of female offspring were used to calculate population growth indexes as a measure of population recovery after pesticide exposure. Spinosad caused 100% and 80% mortality in exposed adults (even 10 d after the treatment) and pupae, respectively. Although most of the biopesticides had low levels of acute toxicity, multiple sublethal effects were observed. The biocontrol activity of both females that survived 1-h and 10-d old residues, and females that emerged from topically treated pupae was significantly affected by the application of the neurotoxic insecticides emamectin benzoate and abamectin. Furthermore, very low B. nigricans demographic growth indices were estimated for these two insecticides, indicating potential local extinction of the wasp populations. Among the tested products, Bt proved to be the safest for B. nigricans adults and pupae. Our findings emphasize that acute toxicity assessment alone cannot fully predict the actual impact of pesticides on non-target parasitoids. Thus, sublethal effects related to the species specific life-history variables must be carefully considered in order to assess pesticide risks and to incorporate new pesticides, including biopesticides, into IPM programmes.

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A method to assess the effects of pesticides on the predatory mitePhytoseiulus persimilis(Acari Phytoseiidae) in the laboratory

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Resistance to acaricides in Italian strains of Tetranychus urticae: toxicological and enzymatic assays

Resistance to acaricides in Italian strains of Tetranychus urticae: toxicological and enzymatic assays

Pesticide side-effects on predatory mites: the role of trophic interactions

Do Biopesticides Affect the Demographic Traits of a Parasitoid Wasp and Its Biocontrol Services through Sublethal Effects?

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