A Methodology to Evaluate the Transformation of Traditional Balinese Houses as a Consequence of Tourism

Abstract

Some traditional houses in Bali have been transformed for tourist facilities. As a cultural phenomenon, the transformation involves an interrelated complexity of aspects in the houses. There is a need for a holistic approach to contextualize the complexity of the impact of tourism on the transformation. Unfortunately, an instrument to identify the textures of the transformation, as a fundamental phase to explore the complexity, is not yet available. The objective of this study is to develop an inclusive methodology based on criteria as the fundamental stage in the multiple holistic method developed. Using visual documentations of 749 traditional houses from four villages, the findings show that the transformation has been considered in various ways, both as the additive sum of the specific changes, and as a hierarchy of cultural traditions and activities. It was a process generally found to begin at the front part of the houses, followed by the backyard and pavilions, and in the final phase at the family temple. This method was able to systematically assess the physical configuration of the transformed house.

How has rural tourism influenced the sustainable development of traditional villages? A systematic literature review

“…Authenticity is an often utilized concept in government guidance materials, assessment indicators, and renovation standards within the realm of traditional villages. Traditionally, “Authenticity” was commonly seen as unchanging with minimal deviation [ 70 ]. However, traditional villages have undergone changes and transformations throughout history as a result of political factors, uncontrolled urbanization, climate change, and unrestricted tourist development [ 71 ].…”

“… (Qual) interviews/observation/narrative analysis Villagers 7 2019 [ 108 ] Traditional architecture transformation The physical Transformation of the traditional dwelling due to rural tourism. (Qual) case study/observation 8 2017 [ 70 ] (Mixed) interviews/questionnaires/architectural examination Villagers 9 2023 [ 96 ] (Qual) interviews/observational/satellite imaging Inhabitants 10 2023 [ 109 ] (Quan) Remote sensing images/drone shooting 11 2019 [ 98 ] Traditional dwelling continuity Utilizing tourism to achieve traditional village population migration, cultural protection, economic revitalization, and strengthened social connections (Qual) case study 12 2018 [ 99 ] (Qual) case study 13 2020 [ 97 ] (Qual) direct observations/Semi-structured interviews/physical artifacts/thematic analysis Households 14 2017 [ 100 ] (Qual) observation/in-depth interview/focus group discussion Villagers 15 2017 [ 101 ] (Mixed) observation/depth interviews/mapping analysis The owners or occupants 16 2015 [ 102 ] (Qual) interview ...…”

Struktur Dan Desain Bangunan Tradisional Bali Di Banjar Cekeng, Desa Sulahan, Bali

“…Selain itu, di permukiman tradisional Penglipuran Bangli, nilainilai tradisi kearifan lokal mulai hilang karena modernisasi [16]. Dampak pariwisata membuat pergeseran kualitas dan mengakibatkan perubahan dalam berbagai aspek, termasuk pola hidup masyarakat [17] [18] [19]. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari bagaimana pemerintahan dijalankan dan di mana bangunan dan struktur berada.…”

Reviving Cultural Tourism in Kendran Bali Indonesia: Maintaining Traditional Architecture and Developing Community-based Tourism

“…The traditional gate called angkul-angkul, a small wall behind the angkul-angkul called aling-aling, the plot walls called tembok pekarangan and telajakan (space between a front plot wall and a road) are local building apparatuses that present the figure of the local village pattern and image. The presence of these elements presents the traditional house's authenticity [11], [39]. Moreover, the alignment of these elements along the village road adds to the traditional impression's strength.…”

“…Although the participation of local people in tourism activities is essential for the success of developing a tourism destination, the interaction has the potential to transform the local culture and traditions. Many popular tourist villages in Bali, such as Ubud, Sanur, and Kuta, have experienced transformations in which new structures have been built in the rice fields around the village and traditional house by demolishing the old, adjacent to existing buildings, in front of the compound or a backyard [10], [11]. The construction of new buildings is potentially the severe practice of changing the setting, forms and spaces of the villages and residential architecture that are an architectural identity.…”