A Micropreconcentrator Design Using Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics Technology for Acetone Detection Applications

Rydosz, Artur; Maziarz, Wojciech; Pisarkiewicz, T.; Torres, H. Bartsch de; Mueller, Jens

doi:10.1109/jsen.2013.2245888

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Repeatedly, a kind of sample preconcentration process is still necessary before the analysis for the sensitive and accurate determination of the acetone in exhaled breath. [16][17][18] Recently, Kim et al 19 have reviewed technical developments in breath analysis and its applications in clinical diagnosis, including diabetes. The authors concluded that increased concentration of acetone in the blood can be exchanged with an alveolar air and represented the metabolic products of diabetes.…”

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A Negative Correlation Between Blood Glucose and Acetone Measured in Healthy and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patient Breath

Rydosz

2015

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Background: Exhaled acetone analysis has long been recognized as a supplementary tool for diagnosis and monitoring diabetes, especially type 1 diabetes. It is essential, therefore to determine the relationship between exhaled acetone concentration and glucose in blood. Usually, a direct linear correlation between this both compounds has been expected. However, in some cases we can observe a reverse correlation. When blood glucose was increasing, breath acetone declined. Methods: The breath analysis as a supplementary tool for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes makes sense only in case of utilization of portable analyzers. This need has created a market for gas sensors. However, commercially available acetone gas sensors are developed for measuring samples at several tens part per million. The exhaled acetone concentration was measured using commercial acetone gas sensor (TGS 822, 823 Figaro, Arlington Heights, IL, USA Inc) with micropreconcentrator in low temperature cofired ceramics. The reference analyzer–mass spectrometry (HPR-20 QIC, Hiden Analytical, Warrington, UK) was used. Results: Twenty-two healthy volunteers with no history of any respiratory disease participated in the research, as did 31 patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Respectively, 3 healthy volunteer and 5 type 1 diabetes mellitus subjects with reverse trend were selected. The linear fitting coefficient various from 0.1139 to 0.9573. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the correlation between blood glucose concentrations and under different conditions, for example, insulin levels, as well as correlate the results with clinical tests, for example, Hb1Ac. Conclusions: It is well known that the concentration of acetone is strongly influenced by diet, insulin treatment, and so on. Therefore, much more complex analysis with long-term measurements are required. Thus, presented results should be regarded as tentative, and validation studies with the analysis of clinical test and in a large number of patients, including control groups, need to be carried out.

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A Negative Correlation Between Blood Glucose and Acetone Measured in Healthy and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patient Breath

Rydosz

2015

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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“…Based on the successful acetone preconcentration with the micropreconcentrator structure in LTCC technology [ 21 ] as well as in MEMS technology [ 22 ], breath samples taken from T1DM patients and healthy volunteers were determined. As was already stated, breath analysis only makes sense in the case of utilization of portable analyzers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of the concentration factor changes for acetone samples at different initial concentration as well as various flow rates, desorption temperature, etc. was investigated in previous work [ 21 ]. Therefore, it was essential to investigate how the concentration factor changes for acetone from diabetic and non-diabetic breath ( Figure 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HPR-20 QIC real time gas analyzer (Hiden Analytical, Warrington UK) with a 6-ports Valco Injector (VICI Instruments Co. Inc., Schenkon, Switzerland) was used for all the measurements. The micropreconcentrator design and fabrication process was precisely reported in [ 21 ]. A schematic view of the measurement setup is presented in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micropreconcentrator in LTCC Technology with Mass Spectrometry for the Detection of Acetone in Healthy and Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus Patient Breath

Rydosz

2014

Metabolites

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Breath analysis has long been recognized as a potentially attractive method for the diagnosis of several diseases. The main advantage over other diagnostic methods such as blood or urine analysis is that breath analysis is fully non-invasive, comfortable for patients and breath samples can be easily obtained. One possible future application of breath analysis may be the diagnosing and monitoring of diabetes. It is, therefore, essential, to firstly determine a relationship between exhaled biomarker concentration and glucose in blood as well as to compare the results with the results obtained from non-diabetic subjects. Concentrations of molecules which are biomarkers of diseases’ states, or early indicators of disease should be well documented, i.e., the variations of abnormal concentrations of breath biomarkers with age, gender and ethnic issues need to be verified. Furthermore, based on performed measurements it is rather obvious that analysis of exhaled acetone as a single biomarker of diabetes is unrealistic. In this paper, the author presents results of his research conducted on samples of breath gas from eleven healthy volunteers (HV) and fourteen type-1 diabetic patients (T1DM) which were collected in 1-l SKC breath bags. The exhaled acetone concentration was measured using mass spectrometry (HPR-20 QIC, Hiden Analytical, Warrington, UK) coupled with a micropreconcentrator in LTCC (Low Temperature Cofired Ceramic). However, as according to recent studies the level of acetone varies to a significant extent for each blood glucose concentration of single individuals, a direct and absolute relationship between blood glucose and acetone has not been proved. Nevertheless, basing on the research results acetone in diabetic breath was found to be higher than 1.11 ppmv, while its average concentration in normal breath was lower than 0.83 ppmv.

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“…5, No. 2, March 2015 B. Micropreconcentrator Structure The micropreconcentrator structure was previously precisely described in [27]. Briefly, it consists eight layers of LTCC green tapes with spiral-shaped channel filled with adsorbing material.…”

Section: Artur Rydoszmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsystem in LTCC Technology to the Detection of Acetone in Exhaled Breath

Rydosz¹

2015

IJIEE

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An acetone is a well-known diabetes biomarker, since patients with diabetes tend to have higher acetone levels in their breath than healthy people. Exhaled acetone levels are usually in the range of 0.3-0.9 ppm (parts per million) for healthy subjects and over 3 ppm for patients with diabetes. Commercially-available gas sensors are under development for measuring samples at several tens ppm. Due to this fact, the microsystem with micropreconcentrator and sensor array is proposed as a solution that overcomes these limitations. The microsystem designed by author was manufactured in LTCC (Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics) technology. The microsystem based on micropreconcentrator structure as well as metal oxide gas sensors array. Acetone in diabetic breath was found to be higher than 1.11 ppm, while its concentration in normal breath was lower than 0.83 ppm. Index Terms-Breath analysis, low temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC), exhaled acetone measurements, micropreconcentrators.A. Rydosz received the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from the AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland in 2009 and 2014, respectively. His current research interests include gas sensors and micropreconcentrators, LTCC, MEMS technology as well as gas sensors system applications.

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A Micropreconcentrator Design Using Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics Technology for Acetone Detection Applications

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

A Negative Correlation Between Blood Glucose and Acetone Measured in Healthy and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patient Breath

A Negative Correlation Between Blood Glucose and Acetone Measured in Healthy and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patient Breath

Micropreconcentrator in LTCC Technology with Mass Spectrometry for the Detection of Acetone in Healthy and Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus Patient Breath

Microsystem in LTCC Technology to the Detection of Acetone in Exhaled Breath

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