A mini review on cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries

Ramesh, Aniruddh; Tripathi, Abhinav; Balaya, Palani

doi:10.1111/ijac.13920

Cited by 50 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Polyanionic compounds are of great interest as cathode materials for SIBs with stable 3D framework structures composed of strong covalent bonds and fast ion diffusion channels, which ensure excellent cycling stability and remarkable safety. [94,95] However, the practical applications at low temperatures are greatly limited because of the poor electronic conductivity caused by the bulky anionic groups in the polyanionic compounds. The modifications methods, such as carbon coating, designing micronano structures, and doping with different elements, have been proposed to solve the problems.…”

Section: Polyanionic Cathode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prospect and challenges of sodium‐ion batteries for low‐temperature conditions

Wang

Ding

et al. 2022

Interdisciplinary Materials

115

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In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on the development of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of the natural abundance of raw materials and the possibility of low cost, which can alleviate the concerns of the limited lithium resources and the increasing cost of lithium-ion batteries. With the growing demand for reliable electric energy storage devices, requirements have been proposed to further increase the comprehensive performance of SIBs. Especially, the low-temperature tolerance has become an urgent technical obstacle in the practical application of SIBs, because the low operating temperature will lead to sluggish electrochemical reaction kinetics and unstable interfacial reactions, which will deteriorate the performance and even cause safety issues. On the basis of the charge-storage mechanism of SIBs, optimization of the composition and structure of electrolyte and electrode materials is crucial to building SIBs with high performance at low temperatures. In this review, the recent research progress and challenges were systematically summarized in terms of electrolytes and cathode and anode materials for SIBs operating at low temperatures. The typical full-cell configurations of SIBs at low temperatures were introduced to shed light on the fundamental research and the exploitation of SIBs with high performance for practical applications.

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Section: Polyanionic Cathode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prospect and challenges of sodium‐ion batteries for low‐temperature conditions

Wang

Ding

et al. 2022

Interdisciplinary Materials

115

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“…Lithium layered transition metal oxides (LiTMO 2 ) are the most successful cathode materials for commercial LIBs. Similarly, Na x TMO 2 are of particular interest for NIBs due to their high specific capacity, a variety of redox-active elements, and the possibility for the manufacturers to employ established synthesis processes. − Other than Na x TMO 2 , alternative promising sodium-ion cathode materials are Prussian blue/white, phosphates, and organic materials . As already mentioned, materials belonging to these classes have already been selected for the first generation of commercial sodium-ion batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layered Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Storage Mechanism, Electrochemistry, and Techno-economics

et al. 2023

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Conspectus Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are ubiquitous in all modern portable electronic devices such as mobile phones and laptops as well as for powering hybrid electric vehicles and other large-scale devices. Sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), which possess a similar cell configuration and working mechanism, have already been proven as ideal alternatives for large-scale energy storage systems. The advantages of NIBs are as follows. First, sodium resources are abundantly distributed in the earth’s crust. Second, high-performance NIB cathode materials can be fabricated by using solely inexpensive and noncritical transition metals such as manganese and iron, which further reduces the cost of the required raw materials. Recently, the unprecedented demand for lithium and other critical minerals has driven the cost of these primary raw materials (which are utilized in LIBs) to a historic high and thus triggered the commercialization of NIBs. Sodium layered transition metal oxides (Na x TMO2, TM = transition metal/s), such as Mn-based sodium layered oxides, represent an important family of cathode materials with the potential to reduce costs, increase energy density and cycling stability, and improve the safety of NIBs for large-scale energy storage. However, these layered oxides face several key challenges, including irreversible phase transformations during cycling, poor air stability, complex charge-compensation mechanisms, and relatively high cost of the full cell compared to LiFePO4-based LIBs. Our work has focused on the techno-economic analysis, the degradation mechanism of Na x TMO2 upon cycling and air exposure, and the development of effective strategies to improve their electrochemical performances and air stability. Correlating structure–performance relationships and establishing general design strategies of Na x TMO2 must be considered for the commercialization of NIBs. In this Account, we discuss the recent progress in the development of air-stable, electrochemically stable, and cost-effective Na x TMO2. The favorable redox-active cations for Na x TMO2 are emphasized in terms of abundance, cost, supply, and energy density. Different working mechanisms related to Na x TMO2 are summarized, including the electrochemical reversibility, the main structural transformations during the charge and discharge processes, and the charge-compensation mechanisms that accompany the (de)intercalation of Na+ ions, followed by discussions to improve the stability toward ambient air and upon cycling. Then the techno-economics are presented, with an emphasis on cathodes with different chemical compositions, cost breakdown of battery packs, and Na deficiency, factors that are critical to the large-scale implementation. Finally, this Account concludes with an overview of the remaining challenges and new opportunities concerning the practical applications of Na x TMO2, with an emphasis on the cost, large-scale fabrication capability, and electrochemical performance.

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“…Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are heralded for their substantial energy density, prolonged cycle life, elevated working voltage, and absence of memory effect, making them a widely adopted choice in both everyday life and industrial electrochemical energy storage applications. 1,2 Nonetheless, their high costs and the looming shadow of lithium resource scarcity curtail their broader implementation in large-scale energy storage systems. The ideal electrode materials for such storage solutions should be derived from abundant resources, cost-effective, enduring in life cycles, and intrinsically safe, with less emphasis on energy density compared to the higher benchmarks expected in portable devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Y-tube assisted coprecipitation synthesis of iron-based Prussian blue analogues cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Zhang,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

RSC Adv.

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A mini review on cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries

Cited by 50 publications

References 73 publications

The prospect and challenges of sodium‐ion batteries for low‐temperature conditions

The prospect and challenges of sodium‐ion batteries for low‐temperature conditions

Layered Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Storage Mechanism, Electrochemistry, and Techno-economics

Y-tube assisted coprecipitation synthesis of iron-based Prussian blue analogues cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries

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