A Miniature Wearable Microphone Sensor for Cardiopulmonary Monitoring

Remote Monitoring of Patient Respiration with Mask Attachment—A Pragmatic Solution for Medical Facilities

“…In line with these efforts, this article proposed a sensor device suitable for attaching on face masks, which listens to the wearer's breath, continuously monitors respiratory rate (RR), and detects any wheeze occurrence (WZ). This work extends the recently proposed chest-worn wearable that addresses chronic respiratory disease care [13] and illustrates the novel applicability of repurposing the system as a mass patient-management and respiratory monitoring aid. The chest-worn wearable device was modified and repurposed for this work and is known in this article as the "mask attachment".…”

“…This work extends the recently proposed chest-worn wearable that addresses chronic respiratory disease care 13 and illustrates the applicability in repurposing the system as a mass patient management and respiratory monitoring aid. The chest-worn wearable device was modified and repurposed for this work and is known in this article as the "mask attachment".…”

“…Experimental setup KN95 surgical respirators (also known as the face mask in the study) were modified by substituting the round plastic enclosed air valve with a mask attachment, as shown in Figure 4. A detailed description of the sensor is available in reference 13 . Sixteen participants were recruited for the study.…”

“…The sampling rate of the microphone sensor is 4000 Hz. The details of the sensor design and architecture are available in the references [13,16,17].…”

“…Lastly, autocorrelation was performed on the entropy signal to estimate the RR. More details of the RR estimation algorithms are available in reference [13].…”