A Mobile Resonance‐enhanced Multiphoton Ionization Time‐of‐flight Mass Spectrometry Device for On‐line Analysis of Aromatic Pollutants in Waste Incinerator Flue Gases: First Results

Zimmermann, R.; Heger, Hans Jörg; Kettrup, A.; Boesl, U.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0231(19970630)11:10<1095::aid-rcm960>3.3.co;2-h

Cited by 31 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…For such compounds, fragment free mass spectra can be obtained. Moreover, under these conditions, molecular oxygen, molecular nitrogen, carbon dioxide, alkanes, alkenes, and aliphatic aldehydes are almost not ionized and thus background noise is significantly reduced (Zimmermann et al, 1997). This allows very low detection limits (DL) for aromatic compounds.…”

Section: Atmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of a single particle laser ablation mass spectrometer (SPLAM) for organic aerosol studies

et al. 2012

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Abstract. A single particle instrument was developed for real-time analysis of organic aerosol. This instrument, named Single Particle Laser Ablation Mass Spectrometry (SPLAM), samples particles using an aerodynamic lens system for which the theoretical performances were calculated. At the outlet of this system, particle detection and sizing are realized by using two continuous diode lasers operating at λ = 403 nm. Polystyrene Latex (PSL), sodium chloride (NaCl) and dioctylphtalate (DOP) particles were used to characterize and calibrate optical detection of SPLAM. The optical detection limit (DL) and detection efficiency (DE) were determined using size-selected DOP particles. The DE ranges from 0.1 to 90 % for 100 and 350 nm DOP particles respectively and the SPLAM instrument is able to detect and size-resolve particles as small as 110-120 nm. During optical detection, particle scattered light from the two diode lasers, is detected by two photomultipliers and the detected signals are used to trigger UV excimer laser (λ = 248 nm) used for one-step laser desorption ionization (LDI) of individual aerosol particles. The formed ions are analyzed by a 1 m linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer in order to access to the chemical composition of individual particles. The TOF-MS detection limit for gaseous aromatic compounds was determined to be 0.85 × 10 −15 kg (∼4 × 10 3 molecules). DOP particles were also used to test the overall operation of the instrument. The analysis of a secondary organic aerosol, formed in a smog chamber by the ozonolysis of indene, is presented as a first application of the instrument. Single particle mass spectra were obtained with an effective hit rate of 8 %. Some of these mass spectra were found to be very different from one particle to another possibly reflecting chemical differences within the investigated indene SOA particles. Our study shows that an exhaustive statistical analysis, over hundreds of particles, and adapted reference mass spectra are further needed to understand the chemical meaning of single particle mass spectra of chemically complex submicrometer-sized organic aerosols.

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Section: Atmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of a single particle laser ablation mass spectrometer (SPLAM) for organic aerosol studies

et al. 2012

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“…An alternative to chemical ionization is selective and soft laser photo ionization using either resonance-enhanced two photon ionization (RE2PI) or vacuum UV single-photon ionization (VUV-SPI) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. RE2PI exhibits a very selective ionization, depending on the functionality and structure of the VOC.…”

Section: Coffee Roastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online monitoring of coffee roasting by proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS): towards a real-time process control for a consistent roast profile

et al. 2011

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A real-time automated process control tool for coffee roasting is presented to consistently and accurately achieve a targeted roast degree. It is based on the online monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the off-gas of a drum roaster by proton transfer reaction timeof-flight mass spectrometry at a high time (1 Hz) and mass resolution (5,500 m/Δm at full width at half-maximum) and high sensitivity (better than parts per billion by volume). Forty-two roasting experiments were performed with the drum roaster being operated either on a low, medium or high hot-air inlet temperature (= energy input) and the coffee (Arabica from Antigua, Guatemala) being roasted to low, medium or dark roast degrees. A principal component analysis (PCA) discriminated, for each one of the three hotair inlet temperatures, the roast degree with a resolution of better than ±1 Colorette. The 3D space of the three first principal components was defined based on 23 mass spectral profiles of VOCs and their roast degree at the end point of roasting. This provided a very detailed picture of the evolution of the roasting process and allowed establishment of a predictive model that projects the onlinemonitored VOC profile of the roaster off-gas in real time onto the PCA space defined by the calibration process and, ultimately, to control the coffee roasting process so as to achieve a target roast degree and a consistent roasting.

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“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The MPI technique reduces undesirable interfering signals and enables the acquisition of a mass spectrum with fewer fragment peaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Persistent Organic Pollutants at Sub-Femtogram Levels Using a High-Power Picosecond Laser for Multiphoton Ionization in Conjunction with Gas Chromatography/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2012

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A low-energy, high-repetition-rate picosecond laser (40 μJ, 20 kHz, 258 nm) was used for multiphoton ionization (MPI) in gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry to quantitatively determine dioxins (DXNs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The sensitivity of the technique was compared with that obtained using a high-energy, low-repetition-rate femtosecond laser (86 μJ, 1 kHz, 261 nm). The limits of detection (LODs) for the picosecond laser were several femtograms for chlorinated DXNs with low numbers of chloro substituents, and were several times lower than values obtained using a femtosecond laser, although the LODs were increased, reaching values that were nearly identical to those for the femtosecond laser for octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (octaCDD) and octachlorodibenzofuran (octaCDF). The LODs were also measured for 16 PAHs specified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency; the values for half of these compounds were at sub-femtogram levels. The procedure was used to analyze a surface-water sample collected from a river.

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A Mobile Resonance‐enhanced Multiphoton Ionization Time‐of‐flight Mass Spectrometry Device for On‐line Analysis of Aromatic Pollutants in Waste Incinerator Flue Gases: First Results

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Development and characterization of a single particle laser ablation mass spectrometer (SPLAM) for organic aerosol studies

Development and characterization of a single particle laser ablation mass spectrometer (SPLAM) for organic aerosol studies

Online monitoring of coffee roasting by proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS): towards a real-time process control for a consistent roast profile

Analysis of Persistent Organic Pollutants at Sub-Femtogram Levels Using a High-Power Picosecond Laser for Multiphoton Ionization in Conjunction with Gas Chromatography/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

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