A mode choice analysis of school trips in New Jersey

Abstract

This paper examines the mode choice behavior of children's travel to school based on surveys conducted at a sample of schools in New Jersey. The main focus is on a variety of network design, land use, and infrastructure variables that have typically been associated with walking activity. Using a mixed logit model, it is found that good connectivity, more intense residential land use, and better sidewalk infrastructure are associated with increased walking to school. The use of a mixed logit model allows the examination of individual heterogeneity. Results indicate substantial heterogeneity in behavior associated with built environment variables.

Children's school commuting in the Netherlands: Does it matter how urban form is incorporated in mode choice models?

“…Modeling urban form variables as main effects makes interpretation easier, but correlations arising among these covariates make individual effects hardly assignable and challenges statistical inference (Noland et al, 2014;Lu et al, 2014). To overcome this, either PCA (Jolliffe, 2002) can be performed or an index can be constructed.…”

“…Although intuitive to do, entering the urban form correlates as main effects might create multicollinearity problems (Broberg et al, 2013;Noland et al, 2014;Lu et al, 2014). However, PCA and composite measures present a way to overcome this challenge (Manaugh & El-Geneidy, 2011;Clark et al, 2014).…”

“…These criteria usually suggest more than only the first PC (e.g., Broberg et al, 2013 extracted five PCs). For both PCA and composite measures, it remains unclear how each individual factor is related to children's mode choice (Noland et al, 2014). However, such knowledge might be crucial to implement environment-based interventions and set up policies that promote physical activity.…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, it is the first comparative study of these three urban form utilizations and how they affect model interpretation. While several Anglophone studies have been published (e.g., Kerr et al, 2006;McMillan, 2007;Noland, Park, Von Hagen, & Chatman, 2014;Oliver et al, 2014;Mitra, Papaioannou, & Habib, 2016;Woldeamanuel, 2016), European studies (e.g., M€ uller et al, 2008;Broberg & Sarjala, 2015;Kaplan et al, 2016) are underrepresented (Lu et al, 2014). We focused on the Netherlands, a country that is highly attuned to walking and cycling (Pucher & Buehler, 2008).…”

نقش توأم فاصله و مالکیت خودرو بر انتخاب شیوه سفر دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی

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