A model approach for tritium dynamics in wild mammals

Abstract

Abstract. Tritium ( 3 H) transfer into environment must be modelled differently than the transfer of other radionuclides released from nuclear reactors because hydrogen represents the building blocks of life. A solid understanding of 3 H behaviour is essential because 3 H may be released in large quantities from CANDU (CANada Deuterium Uranium) reactors and from future thermonuclear reactors. Recently, the authors published a complex dynamic metabolic model for 3 H and 14 C transfer in farm and wild animals, but the model applications for wild biota were restricted to too few examples and mostly for 14 C transfer. In this study, the model is applied to few selected wild animals for 3 H uptake. Despite the lack of any experimental data for wild animals, the results presented in this study are less uncertain than for many other radionuclides and can provide a useful estimation for biota radioprotection.

Tritiated Water Exposure in Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Effects on the Early-Life Stages

“…Exchanges of HTO between water and organisms are rapid: maximal dose rates were obtained for 24‐h eggs. Several studies showed that tritium accumulated in adult organisms equilibrates with HTO concentration of the water and that the fraction of tritium bound to organic matter equilibrates with the concentration of HTO internalized (Galeriu and Melintescu ; Kim and Korolevych ; Melintescu et al ; Kim et al , ; Gagnaire et al , ). A companion paper study presented in detail the discussion about internalization results obtained after tritium contamination for 2 stages (24‐h eggs and 4‐dpf larvae) and 2 HTO concentrations (10 5 and 10 6 Bq/mL; Arcanjo et al ).…”

“…Exchanges of HTO between water and organisms are rapid: maximal dose rates were obtained for 24-h eggs. Several studies showed that tritium accumulated in adult organisms 7: Relative expression of genes (normalized to reference gene ef1) compared to control in larvae contaminated during 10 d at 10 4 , 10 5 , and 10 6 Bq/mL of tritiated water (n = 9) a 4 dpf 7 dpf 10 dpf 10 4 Bq/mL 10 5 Bq/mL 10 6 Bq/mL 10 4 Bq/mL 10 5 Bq/mL 10 6 Bq/mL 10 4 Bq/mL 10 5 Bq/mL 10 6 Bq/mL ache equilibrates with HTO concentration of the water and that the fraction of tritium bound to organic matter equilibrates with the concentration of HTO internalized (Galeriu and Melintescu 2011;Kim and Korolevych 2013;Melintescu et al 2015;Kim et al 2015Kim et al , 2019Gagnaire et al 2017Gagnaire et al , 2020. A companion paper study presented in detail the discussion about internalization results obtained after tritium contamination for 2 stages (24-h eggs and 4-dpf larvae) and 2 HTO concentrations (10 5 and 10 6 Bq/mL; Arcanjo et al 2019).…”

Apports de la surveillance du centre CEA-Valduc sur la connaissance des transferts de l’eau tritiée atmosphérique dans les différents compartiments de l’environnement

“…Cette fraction est notée TFWT pour « Tissue Free Water Tritium » (Kim et Baumgärtner, 1994). Chez l'animal et l'homme, après absorption unique d'eau tritiée, l'activité maximale en eau tritiée du milieu intérieur (et des urines) est également atteinte en quelques heures, et la période biologique d'élimination est de l'ordre de quelques jours à la dizaine de jours (Galeriu et al, 2008 ;Galeriu et Melintescu, 2011).…”

Tritium uptake in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): HTO and OBT-spiked feed exposures simultaneously

“…For animals' (farm and wild biota) models clearly demonstrate that tritium is not uniformly distributed within the body (Takeda et al, Contents lists available at ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apradiso Galeriu et al, 2009;Melintescu and Galeriu, 2010;Galeriu and Melintescu, 2011). Some organs and tissues accumulate more tritium than others.…”