A Model for Comparing Government Expenditure on Civil Servants-Gross Wages And Salaries in the EU24

Abstract

In today's era of high competition and globalisation, it is an indisputable fact that customers are more demanding not only in the quality of products but also on the services provided. Consequently, the pressure on companies to discover new ways to create and provide quality to their customers has increased much more. More specifically, customer service has become a key tool for diversification, as culture and customer demands are constantly increasing. Greece stands on a strategic crossroad for the development of transportation in the greater region of Europe, Asia and Africa. Its geographical position renders it highly attractive for investments in logistics and transport to take advantage of these increasing trade flows in an efficient and cost-effective manner. In this paper, we carried out a quantitative research in Greece using a questionnaire to analyse the importance and effectiveness of the application of logistics in businesses with regard to customer service, which serve as a critical source of sustainable competitive advantage. By applying this method, a business will have its customers satisfied, thereby giving them the motivation to remain loyal and faithful to their purchasing practices within the company.

Evaluation of Total Employment Rate Aged 15-64 in EU15

“…The Column model (C) has G 2 =0.80136 with 112 degrees of freedom. The 95% reference point chi-square distribution is 137.914 which show even a much better fit as we can observe that the X 2 distribution is very much bigger than the likelihood-ratio chi-square statistic G 2 .…”

“…The average per capita income shows very large deviations across the EU. The richest inhabitants based on the average annual per capita income are located in the center of London (78,000 € / inhabitant), Luxembourg (62,500 € / inhabitant) and Brussels (52,500 € / inhabitant) while the poorest in the northeastern provinces of Romania (6,900 € / inhabitant) and in the southern provinces of Bulgaria (6,900-7,200 € / inhabitant) [2].…”

“…The statistics of the model R+C, that takes into account the effects for both Countries and Years in additive form, is G 2 =0.79098 with 104 degrees of freedom. The 95% reference point chi-square distribution is 128.98 and has also an acceptable fit since the X 2 distribution is greater than the likelihood-ratio chi-square statistic G 2 .…”

“…Furthermore, the statistics is dramatically increased just as the previous model and they have identical degrees of freedom. Also, this model has an acceptable fit because the X 2 distribution is very much larger than the likelihood-ratio chi-square statistic G 2 .…”