A Model for the Formation of Emissions in a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine

Shahed, S. M.; Flynn, P. F.; Lyn, W. T.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-5298-1_11

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the used cycle model, a multizone thermodynamic based model developed by Shahed , and then Ottikkutti has been used and improved with new assumptions to calculate the complete engine cycle and engine characteristics. Detailed information about this model has been given in the authors’ previous studies. − Here, a brief description of the model has been presented.…”

Section: Description Of the Used Model Developed For Ndfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For determination of the instantaneous total mass and instantaneous mass rates of spray zones, it is required to know the spatial distribution of diesel fuel in the zones. In the present study, the concentration distribution of the fuel along the spray axis is assumed to be hyperbolic, while across the spray it is taken as a normal distribution curve by benefit of information given in literature. − In this model, thermodynamic properties and their partial derivatives have been computed for the unburned mixture and for the burned equilibrium products by using Olikara’s method …”

Section: Description Of the Used Model Developed For Ndfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the concentration distribution of the fuel along the spray axis is assumed to be hyperbolic, while across the spray it is taken as a normal distribution curve by benefit of information given in literature. [11][12][13] In this model, thermodynamic properties and their partial derivatives have been computed for the unburned mixture and for the burned equilibrium products by using Olikara's method. 23 The instantaneous total heat transfer from the cylinder contents to the combustion chamber and cylinder walls is calculated using Annand's 24 correlation…”

Section: Description Of the Used Model Developed For Ndfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction of the Effects of Ethanol-Diesel Fuel Blends on Diesel Engine Performance Characteristics, Combustion, Exhaust Emissions, and Cost

Şahin

Durgun

2009

Energy Fuels

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In the presented study, the effects of the using of ethanol-diesel fuel blends on the engine performance characteristics such as brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake effective power, brake effective efficiency and exhaust emissions have been investigated theoretically in different direct-injection (DI) diesel engines by using a multi-zone thermodynamic model. The results indicate that as ethanol percentage in the mixture increases, BSFC reduces and brake effective efficiency improves significantly and brake effective power increases slightly. On the other hand, equivalence ratio decreases and ignition delay increases for ethanol blends and combustion duration indicates generally a decreasing tendency. The concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 ) increase at low ethanol ratios because of increment of cylinder temperatures. But at high ethanol ratios they decrease because of decrement of cylinder temperatures. In the presented study, cost analysis has also been performed by using semi empirical relation given by Durgun. It was determined that ethanol blends are not economic for these engines because cost of ethanol is higher than diesel fuel in Turkey as well as in many of the other countries and decrease ratio of brake specific fuel consumption is low.

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Section: Description Of the Used Model Developed For Ndfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of the Used Model Developed For Ndfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of the Used Model Developed For Ndfmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prediction of the Effects of Ethanol-Diesel Fuel Blends on Diesel Engine Performance Characteristics, Combustion, Exhaust Emissions, and Cost

Şahin

Durgun

2009

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the present model, a multizone thermodynamic-based model developed by Shahed , and then Ottikkutti , has been used and modified with new assumptions to calculate the complete engine cycle and engine characteristics. Detailed information about this model has been given in the previous studies of the author. ,,, Here, a brief description of the model has been presented.…”

Section: Theoretical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For determination of instantaneous total mass and instantaneous mass rates of spray zones, it is required to know the spatial distribution of diesel fuel in the zones. In the present study, the concentration distribution of the fuel along the spray axis has been assumed to be hyperbolic, while across the spray, it has been taken as a normal distribution curve by benefit of information given in the literature. − In this model, thermodynamic properties and their partial derivatives have been computed for the unburned mixture and the burned equilibrium products using Olikara’s method . The instantaneous total heat transfer from the cylinder contents to the combustion chamber walls has been calculated using Annand’s correlation.…”

Section: Theoretical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Effects of Gasoline Blends on Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions

Şahin

2008

Energy Fuels

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The present study investigates experimentally and theoretically the effects of using of gasoline-diesel fuel blends on single-cylinder diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions. The study consists of two parts: (i) Experimental study: The effects of using of different gasoline-diesel fuel blends have been investigated experimentally and compared in a single-cylinder diesel engine. In this part, the effects of 2-10% gasoline blends have been investigated experimentally in a single-cylinder diesel engine at the speeds of 900-1600 rpm and at the selected compression ratios of 18-23. (ii) Theoretical study: A computer program has been developed for the prediction of diesel engine cycles and engine characteristics for the cases of neat diesel fuel (NDF) and gasoline-diesel fuel blends. For calculation of the diesel engine cycle, a quasi-dimensional phenomenological combustion model developed by Shahed and then improved by Ottikkutti has been used and modified with new assumptions. After the engine cycle model for NDF and gasoline blends was proven to give correct results by comparing it to experimental and theoretical results, 2-10% gasoline blends have been investigated theoretically for the same experimental engine. In the theoretical studies, ignition delay, combustion duration, pressure and temperature of the cylinder charge, and mole fraction of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) concentrations have been calculated. From experimental results, it is determined that brake-effective power output decreases at the levels of 1.5-4% at low engine compression ratios, such as 18, 19, and 20. However, brake-effective power increases 1.5-4% at high compression ratios, such as 21, 22, and 23. Brake-effective efficiency increases at the levels of 2-6%, and brake-specific fuel consumption decreases at the levels of 2-6% at low ratios of gasoline/diesel fuel. It can be said that the ratios of 4-6% are the most favorable percentage interval of gasoline at the selected compression ratios for this engine. Because the cost of gasoline is higher than that of diesel fuel and the decrease in the brake-specific fuel consumption is low, gasoline blends are not economical for this engine at low compression ratios. However, approximately 3% price saving is attained at low blend percentages for high compression ratios. From theoretical results, it is determined that ignition delay increases as the gasoline ratio increases because of the decreasing cetane number (CN) of the mixture. Combustion duration remains approximately constant with an increasing gasoline ratio at low engine speeds, but it decreases at high speeds. The mole fraction of CO and NO concentrations increase with an increasing gasoline/diesel ratio because of increasing combustion temperatures. As the gasoline/diesel ratio increases, the NO concentration and mole fraction of CO of this engine increase at the levels of 7-29 and 15-90%, respectively.

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