A model for the prediction of the thermal degradation and ignition of wood under constant and variable heat flux

Bilbao, Rafael; Mastral, J.F.; Lana, J.A.; Ceamanos, J.; Aldea, M.E.; Betrán, Mónica

doi:10.1016/s0165-2370(00)00214-x

Cited by 61 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This reveals that LIB will fail at a certain temperature; the voltage has little influence on these parameters, and they mainly depend on the incident heat. This result is consistent with the research of Bilbao [26]. …”

Section: Battery Surface Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 94%

Investigation into the Fire Hazards of Lithium-Ion Batteries under Overcharging

et al. 2017

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Numerous lithium-ion battery (LIB) fires and explosions have raised serious concerns about the safety issued associated with LIBs; some of these incidents were mainly caused by overcharging of LIBs. Therefore, to have a better understanding of the fire hazards caused by LIB overcharging, two widely used commercial LIBs, nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP), with different cut-off voltages (4.2 V, 4.5 V, 4.8 V and 5.0 V), were tested in this work. Some parameters including the surface temperature, the flame temperature, voltage, and radiative heat flux were measured and analyzed. The results indicate that the initial discharging voltage increases with the growth of charge cut-off voltage. Moreover, the higher the cut-off voltage, the longer the discharging time to reach 2.5 V. An overcharged LIB will undergo a more violent combustion process and has lower stability than a normal one, and the increasing cut-off voltage aggravates the severity. In addition, it is also revealed that the NMC fails earlier than the LFP under the same condition. The temperatures for safety vent cracking, ignition, and thermal runaway of LIBs exhibit similar values for the same condition, which demonstrates that the LIB will fail at a certain temperature. Finally, the peak heat flux, total radiative heat flux, and total radiative heat will rise with the increase in voltage.

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Section: Battery Surface Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 94%

Investigation into the Fire Hazards of Lithium-Ion Batteries under Overcharging

et al. 2017

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“…4 This work was supported by the Government Assignment in the Field of Scientific Activity (number 1624). To study the ignition of wood under variable heat flux, we created an experimental setup on the basis of the optical furnace "Uran-1" (figure 1a, b) with a radiation source (xenon lamp with a power of 10 kW) [6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, the ignition of fuels under variable conditions has been insufficiently studied. There are only some works [2][3][4][5], where the ignition of fuels was carried out under variable heat flux. Bilbao et al [4] examined the ignition of wood exposed to different conditions of constant and variable heat fluxes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are only some works [2][3][4][5], where the ignition of fuels was carried out under variable heat flux. Bilbao et al [4] examined the ignition of wood exposed to different conditions of constant and variable heat fluxes. A time-decreasing heat flux was employed in their work, corresponding to the thermal radiation of a flame of natural gas or any other hydrocarbon produced in an accidental release of such material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ignition of wood subjected to the decreasing radiant energy flux

Kuznetsov

Filkov

Isaev

et al. 2015

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract.In this paper we analyze the ignition of wood samples subjected to the decreasing heat flow. The experimental setup was created on the base of the optical wave "Uran-1". The intensity of the heat flow was changed during the experiment by moving the test sample along the optical axis of the elliptic reflector in the setup. Pine wood was used as the test samples. We received the delay times for ignition of pine wood during heating by the decreasing heat flow. The received data were compared with the data for a static heat flow.

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“…These parameters were selected to become able to understand the combustion characteristics of the densified biomass fuel in actual combustion equipment including boilers and furnaces, the influence of heating rates, the air temperature and air flow rates, on ignition and combustion behavior in high temperature air flows need to be established. Some research [8,[13][14] has investigated the ignition and combustion of biomass fuel in air without controlling the air flow rate. However, as the mixing and heating processes of the evolved gas and air is strongly affected by the surrounding air flow conditions, the ignition and subsequent combustion would also be affected by the conditions of the air flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ignition Behavior of Bio-Coke (Highly Densified Biomass Fuel) in High-Temperature Air Flows

Ito

Sakai

Ida

et al. 2011

JTST

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The ignition behavior of a newly developed biomass briquette, Bio-coke (BIC), is investigated. The fuel has unique features such as economical advantages for its versatility of biomass resources, high volumetric calorific value because of its high density (1300 kg/m 3 ; twice or more than that of ordinary wood pellets) and high mechanical strength. The ignition characteristics of cylindrical BIC blocks (48 mm in diameter and 85 mm in length), important when using the fuel in actual combustion furnaces, are investigated in high temperature air flows (473-873 K, 550-750 NL/min.). In the experiments, preheated air is blown onto the bottom surface of BIC cylinders and the ignition behavior of the bottom surface is observed monitoring the surface temperature as well as the time dependent mass loss rates. The results show two ignition modes; (1) solid surface ignition preceding gas-phase ignition in high air temperature conditions (T≥598K), and (2) gas-phase ignition accompanied by simultaneous surface ignition occurring at relatively low air temperature conditions. The appearance of each mode depends on the preheated air supply condition in terms of the air temperature, flow velocity, and moisture content of the fuel. The rate of evolution of volatile gases is closely correlated with the temperature distribution inside the BIC briquette which depends on the heating rate, implying that variations in the temperature distribution inside the fuel could be one reason for the appearance of the observed ignition modes. It is suggested that the temperature distribution inside the fuel has to be taken into account in the control of the ignition behavior of BIC briquettes.

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A model for the prediction of the thermal degradation and ignition of wood under constant and variable heat flux

Cited by 61 publications

References 25 publications

Investigation into the Fire Hazards of Lithium-Ion Batteries under Overcharging

Investigation into the Fire Hazards of Lithium-Ion Batteries under Overcharging

Ignition of wood subjected to the decreasing radiant energy flux

Ignition Behavior of Bio-Coke (Highly Densified Biomass Fuel) in High-Temperature Air Flows

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