A Modular Laser Apparatus for Polarimetry, Nephelometry, and Fluorimetry in General Chemistry

Darveau, Scott A.; Mueller, Jessica; Vaverka, April; Barta, Cheri A; Fitch, Anthony G.; Jurzenski, Jessica; Gindt, Yvonne M.

doi:10.1021/ed081p401

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…All readings are undertaken at minimum light intensity because readings at maximum light intensity are less accurate. 5 , 8 The resolution is about 0.5°; thus, small rotations have correspondingly larger error margins. See Supporting Information (SI) for detailed instructions.…”

Section: Equipment Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 − 11 Overheads have earlier been used as a light source. 2 − 5 These have now been replaced by LEDs, 6 , 7 lasers, 8 , 9 and LCD screens. 10 , 11 We have previously published descriptions of simple instruments constructed with plastic interlocking toy bricks, such as Lego, and LEDs for UV–vis absorption and fluorescence measurements intended for student experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demonstrating Basic Properties and Application of Polarimetry Using a Self-Constructed Polarimeter

Kvittingen

Sjursnes

2020

J. Chem. Educ.

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An easily constructed and inexpensive polarimeter with an optical rotation angle resolution of about 0.5° is presented. It is made from small pieces of polarizing film, 2 LEDs, a protractor, and a few wires, all held in place with plastic interlocking toy bricks, such as Lego bricks. The instrument was used to demonstrate the optical rotation of plane polarized light as a function of concentration, path length, temperature, and wavelength, and to determine enantiomeric excess in solutions of arabinose, the amount of limonene in citrus ski wax remover, and optical rotations of various types of honeys and essential oils. Results were comparable to values obtained on a commercial scientific instrument, and with literature values.

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Section: Equipment Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstrating Basic Properties and Application of Polarimetry Using a Self-Constructed Polarimeter

Kvittingen

Sjursnes

2020

J. Chem. Educ.

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“…It is worth mentioning that controlled drug release has advantages over conventional treatments, including reduction of the side effects and of the number of doses administered to the patients . A study of this kind of system usually starts with the determination of the transport properties of the guest substances through the hydrogel . It is important to point out that these properties are obtained through releasing assays, in which the concentration of the released substance is measured over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22][23][24][25][26] A study of this kind of system usually starts with the determination of the transport properties of the guest substances through the hydrogel. [27] It is important to point out that these properties are obtained through releasing assays, in which the concentration of the released substance is measured over time. The more precise the measuring system is, the more accurate the values obtained for these properties are.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For optically active compounds, polarized light based detection equipment can be very efficient and accurate, since any optically inactive impurities present will not be detected, which is not the case with many other analytical methods. Although polarimetry is a well‐established analytical technique, the incorporation of an optoelectronic device based on low‐cost components for in‐line monitoring of the release of optically active compounds is, as far as we know, original.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controlled release of an optically active compound by hydrogels of acrylic acid and its online detection

et al. 2017

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Hydrogels of acrylic acid were produced through solution free radical polymerization at 70 °C. The materials obtained were put in contact with D‐fructose solution and the swelling behaviour was registered. The swollen hydrogels were immersed in distilled water and the D‐fructose released was quantified in real time by a low‐cost polarized light optoelectronic detection system. A simplified mathematical model was developed in order to represent the system under study. This model was tested against experimental data, showing good agreement. Additionally, the effect of the model parameters on the prediction profiles was evaluated.

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Correlation between Methods to Determine Total Oil and Grease in Synthetic Oily Water Using Heavy Oil: Gravimetry vs Fluorimetry

Silva

Melchuna³

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The determination of total oil and grease (TOG) in water is important mainly for the petroleum industry due to the high amount of water coproduced with oil. Many countries establish regulations determining a maximum limit of TOG. In Brazil, for example, TOG should be measured by gravimetric methods. Other methodologies may be accepted when providing statistical correlation with the gravimetric method, which is extremely laborious, takes a long time to be performed, provokes great losses of material, produces relatively large standard deviations, and cannot be used in offshore oil platforms. Spectroscopy methods, such as fluorimetry, can be used as a simpler alternative to determine TOG. However, consent of the regulation agency to use other methods requires an accurate statistical correlation between their results. In this work, TOG values determined by the gravimetric method (using two different extraction solvents: n-hexane and xylene) and fluorimetry (using n-hexane as the extraction solvent) were compared for oily water in the theoretical oil concentration range of 10 to 100 ppm, using a heavy oil to prepare the oily water. Good correlations were obtained for both gravimetry vs fluorimetry, both using n-hexane (R 2 = 0.9630), and gravimetry using xylene vs fluorimetry using n-hexane (R 2 = 0.9857). Moreover, TOG measured by fluorimetry was closer to the real oil concentrations. Therefore, although a specific correlation must be obtained for each kind of crude oil, fluorimetry is a simple, fast, and accurate method, and the correlation is relatively simple to obtain.

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A Modular Laser Apparatus for Polarimetry, Nephelometry, and Fluorimetry in General Chemistry

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Demonstrating Basic Properties and Application of Polarimetry Using a Self-Constructed Polarimeter

Demonstrating Basic Properties and Application of Polarimetry Using a Self-Constructed Polarimeter

Controlled release of an optically active compound by hydrogels of acrylic acid and its online detection

Correlation between Methods to Determine Total Oil and Grease in Synthetic Oily Water Using Heavy Oil: Gravimetry vs Fluorimetry

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