A modular versatile chip carrier for high-throughput screening of cell–biomaterial interactions

Abstract

The field of biomaterials research is witnessing a steady rise in high-throughput screening approaches, comprising arrays of materials of different physicochemical composition in a chip format. Even though the cell arrays provide many benefits in terms of throughput, they also bring new challenges. One of them is the establishment of robust homogeneous cell seeding techniques and strong control over cell culture, especially for long time periods. To meet these demands, seeding cells with low variation per tester area is required, in addition to robust cell culture parameters. In this study, we describe the development of a modular chip carrier which represents an important step in standardizing cell seeding and cell culture conditions in array formats. Our carrier allows flexible and controlled cell seeding and subsequent cell culture using dynamic perfusion. To demonstrate the application of our device, we successfully cultured and evaluated C2C12 premyoblast cell viability under dynamic conditions for a period of 5 days using an automated pipeline for image acquisition and analysis. In addition, using computational fluid dynamics, lactate and BMP-2 as model molecules, we estimated that there is good exchange of nutrients and metabolites with the flowing medium, whereas no cross-talk between adjacent TestUnits should be expected. Moreover, the shear stresses to the cells can be tailored uniformly over the entire chip area. Based on these findings, we believe our chip carrier may be a versatile tool for high-throughput cell experiments in biomaterials sciences.

Designed Surface Topographies Control ICAM-1 Expression in Tonsil-Derived Human Stromal Cells

“…For induction of FRC phenotype, cells were treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) and LT-α1β2 (100 ng/mL; R&D Systems, Abingdon, United Kingdom). On TopoChips, cells were seeded at a density of 10,000 cells/cm 2 , using a seeding device (Unadkat et al, 2013 ) and cultured for 48 h (Supplementary Figure 2 ).…”

Biomimetic strategies for fracture repair: Engineering the cell microenvironment for directed tissue formation

“… 77 , 78 Further optimisation to the system using a chip carrier has also helped eliminate other variations within the culture system that may influence cell viability and adhesion. 79 Developments of polymer array technologies show great applicability in the field of bone tissue engineering due to their applicability towards materials, biochemical factors and cell populations currently used within the field. This is especially important due to the emergence of novel innovations in additive fabrication methods such as 3D printing, allowing for the rapid and varied fabrication of material structures.…”

Polymer microarray technology for stem cell engineering

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