A Moson Project – egy túzokvédelmi terület – növényzete 2004–2010 között

Abstract

Vegetation survey of the great bustard conservation area MOSON Project has been carried out in the period 2004-2010. The aim of the survey was to analyse the habitat types and to present the endangered plant communities and segetal species. During the fieldwork 5 types of vegetation were distinguished -cereals, peas, rapeseed, fallow land, and grasslands -and a total of 267 phytosociological relevés were prepared. The average number of species per relevé was explicitly uniform in the cultures examined (14.73-17.12 species). The proportion of weed species was high in the crops, while in the fallows and grassland areas the segetal weed species and the pioneering dry meadow species can also be found. The number of indicator species of the segetal flora and the dry meadows is most significant in the cereal crops, but many species survive in fallows land and even in the grasslands. This indicates that the regular temporary use of agricultural strips can stabilize the pool of species in the wider area for many years. The number of dry grass species in the meadows is not significantly higher than in the cereals or fallows, but they dominate in the overall coverage (5.17%). Carduus acanthoides shows the highest average coverage in the model area (9.66%), followed by Bromus sterilis (6.24%) and Arrhenatherum elatius (5.85%). There are hardly any generally dominant species in regularly disturbed cultures, which are relatively diverse. In contrast, the cover of the top 10 species in fallow and grassland areas are over 60%, as a few competitive species are displacing the others due to natural succession. The soil site and habitat conditions of the Moson plain offer favourable conditions for segetal weed species. Dry climate and flat soils effectively inhibit succession processes. The total coverage of sensitive segetal weed species varied between 3.13 and 22.80% in the different crops during the study period. Only Anthemis austriaca and Vulpia myuros showed a permanent value above 1%, otherwise Consolida regalis, Filago arvensis, Galium spurium and Scleranthus annuus occasionally achieved a significant average coverage.

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