A Multi-Centre Survey on Hospital Malnutrition: Result of PNSI Study

Abstract

Background: Disease-related malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes such as increased rates of morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and extra costs of health care. This study was conducted to assess nutritional status among patients and to determine the risk factors for malnutrition in Iran university hospitals. Methods: Persian Nutritional Survey In Hospitals (PNSI) was a cross-sectional study that conducted in 20 university hospitals across Iran. All the patients with age range of 18 to 65 years, who were admitted or discharged, were assessed by subjective global assessment (SGA). Results: In total, 2306 patients were evaluated for malnutrition. Mean values of age and body mass index were 44.7±14 years and 25.2±6 kg/m2, respectively. Malnutrition (SGA-B & C) was identified in 23.9% of the patients, 26.2% and 21% of whom were among the admitted and discharged patients, respectively. The prevalence of malnutrition was higher in burns (78%) and heart surgery (58%) patients. Malnutrition was not associated with age (P=0.1). Multivariate analysis presented male gender (OR=1.023, P<0.001), malignant disease (OR=1.409, P<0.001), length of hospital stay (OR=1.206, P<0.001), and polypharmacy (OR=1.066, P<0.001) as independent risk factors for malnutrition.Conclusion: One out of four patients in the studied university hospitals was suffering from malnutrition; thus, appropriate measures should be taken to ameliorate this condition. Male gender, malignant disease, length of hospital stay, and polypharmacy were identified as independent risk factors for malnutrition.

Preoperative nutritional support for patients undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery - does it really work?

“…Colorectal cancer had induced weight loss in 35.6% of patients. The prevalences of nutritional risk and malnourishment in our study were consistent with those reported previously 2,[18][19][20] .…”

Prevalencia del riesgo de desnutrición en pacientes del servicio de medicina interna de un hospital mexicano: resultados de la encuesta nutritionDay 2021

“…El 50 % (n = 8) de los pacientes refirió haber perdido peso en los últimos tres meses; la mediana de pérdida de peso fue de 6 [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] kg. Solo un paciente refirió haber disminuido su ingesta de alimentos debido a la inapetencia.…”

“…Los factores de riesgo para la desnutrición incluyen edad avanzada (5) , presencia de enfermedades crónicas, pluripatología, polifarmacia, fragilidad e ingesta inadecuada de alimentos, todas características comunes entre la población de pacientes de medicina interna (6,7) . Adicionalmente, varios estudios han informado asociaciones significativas entre el riesgo nutricional y un aumento de mortalidad hospitalaria (8)(9)(10) .…”

“…El 56,3 % (n = 9) fueron mujeres, con una edad media fue 51,8 ± 13,7 años e índice de masa corporal (IMC) de 29,1 ± 6,1 kg/m 2 . El 50 % (n = 8) de los pacientes presentó riesgo de desnutrición según el puntaje MST; el peso perdido aproximado fue de 6 [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] kg en los tres meses previos a la hospitalización.…”

Prevalence of Malnutrition in Eastern Mediterranean Hospitals: Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…A multicenter Canadian study published in 2016 reported that 45% of medical and surgical patients who stayed in hospital for more than two days had some degrees of malnutrition on admission based on subjective global assessment (SGA) (1) . Persian Nutritional Survey In Hospitals (PNSI), a multi-center survey in Iranian hospitals, found that roughly a quarter of patients were malnourished (SGA-B & C) (2) . Also, findings of NutritionDay in the US hospitals indicated that 32.7% of patients were malnourished or at nutritional risk (malnutrition screening tool (MST) score ≥2) (3) .…”