A Multicenter Retrospective Study of 151 Renal Biopsies in Horses

Abstract

Background: Renal biopsies are uncommonly performed in horses and little is known about their diagnostic utility and associated complication rate.Objective: To describe the techniques, the complication rate, risk factors, and histopathology results; as well as evaluate the safety and diagnostic utility of renal biopsy in the horse.Animals: One hundred and forty-six horses from which 151 renal biopsies were obtained. Animals ranged in age from 48 hours to 30 years.Methods: Multicenter retrospective study, with participation of 14 institutions .Results: Renal biopsy in horses was associated with a similar rate of complications (11.3%) to that occurring in humans and companion animals. Complications were generally associated with hemorrhage or signs of colic, and required treatment in 3% of cases. Fatality rate was low (1/151; 0.7%). Biopsy specimens yielded sufficient tissue for a histopathologic diagnosis in most cases (94%) but diagnoses had only fair (72%) agreement with postmortem findings. Risk factors for complications included biopsy specimens of the left kidney (P 5 .030), a diagnosis of neoplasia (P 5 .004), and low urine specific gravity (P 5 .030). No association with complications was found for age, sex, breed, institution, presenting complaint, other initial clinicopathologic data, biopsy instrument, needle size, or use of ultrasonographic guidance.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Renal biopsy in horses has low morbidity and results in a morphological histopathologic diagnosis in 94% of cases. However, this procedure might result in serious complications and should only be used when information obtained would be likely to impact decisions regarding patient management and prognosis.

Acute kidney injury due toLeptospira interrogansin 4 foals and use of renal replacement therapy with intermittent hemodiafiltration in 1 foal

“…Culture of leptospiral organisms takes a long time and is therefore impractical for the diagnosis of acute infections, and renal biopsy was not performed because of rapid clinical improvement after the initiation of treatment. This procedure is not without risk for complications and should therefore only be performed if the results are likely to change management of the patient …”

Diseases of the Equine Urinary System

“…17 Histologically, glomeruli should have evidence of basement membrane thickening, remodeling depending on the course of disease, or increased cellularity. The addition of special histochemical stains, such as periodic-acid Schiff reaction, Jones methenamine silver, Masson trichrome, and Congo red, aid in identification of these features.…”

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Food- Producing and Companion Animals and Food Products

“…Twelve diferent MLST types have been reported and most of the MRSA strains were grouped into the CC8 or CC398 classes [224]. The CC8-SCCmec IV genotype in horses was likely from a contaminated veterinary hospital and later spread to various clinics [219]. This genotype was reported in veterinary hospitals in Canada and the USA [118,225].…”

“…Since the irst report of MRSA from mares with metritis in Japan [217], many isolates have been found in Europe, North America, and Asia ( Table 2) [142][143][144][218][219][220]). Haenni et al [221] identiied four mecC-positive MRSA from horses in France exhibiting spa types, t208, t843, t6220, t11015 and ST types ST49, ST130, and ST1245.…”