A multimodal analytical method to simultaneously determine monoacetyldiacylglycerols, medium and long chain triglycerides in biological samples during routine lipidomics

Abstract

Background Monoacetyldiglycerides (MAcDG), are acetylated triglycerides (TG) and an emerging class of bioactive or functional lipid with promising nutritional, medical, and industrial applications. A major challenge exists when analyzing MAcDG from other subclasses of TG in biological matrices, limiting knowledge on their applications and metabolism. Methods Herein a multimodal analytical method for resolution, identification, and quantitation of MAcDG in biological samples was demonstrated based on thin layer chromatography-flame ionization detection complimentary with C30-reversed phase liquid chromatography-high resolution accurate mass tandem mass spectrometry. This method was then applied to determine the MAcDG molecular species composition and quantity in E. solidaginis larvae. The statistical method for analysis of TG subclass composition and molecular species composition of E. solidaginis larvae was one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The findings suggest that the proposed analytical method could simultaneously provide a fast, accurate, sensitive, high throughput analysis of MAcDG from other TG subclasses, including the fatty acids, isomers, and molecular species composition. Conclusion This method would allow for MAcDG to be included during routine lipidomics analysis of biological samples and will have broad interests and applications in the scientific community in areas such as nutrition, climate change, medicine and biofuel innovations. Graphical abstract

Enzymatic Preparation, In-Depth Molecular Analysis, and In Vitro Digestion Simulation of Palmitoleic Acid (ω-7)-Enriched Fish Oil Triacylglycerols

“…Due to their ionization, these structures tend to lose their negative charge and form positively charged ions or ion fragments. In positive ion mode, triglycerides are commonly detected as [M + H] + and [M + NH 4 ] + . This positive ionization offers enhanced signal strength and sensitivity, facilitating detection and quantitative analysis.…”

“…In positive ion mode, triglycerides are commonly detected as [M + H] + and [M + NH 4 ] + . 43 This positive ionization offers enhanced signal strength and sensitivity, facilitating detection and quantitative analysis. Therefore, in this study, lipid extracts from samples were subjected to UHPLC separation and analyzed using a QE orbitrap MS/MS spectrometer system in positive ion mode.…”

Ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry‐based lipidomics reveals key lipid molecules as potential therapeutic targets of Polygonum cuspidatum against hyperlipidemia in a hamster model

“…Nowadays, there is a growing consensus that individual TG species may be differentially associated with the overall pathophysiological state [41,42]. TGs could be divided into short-, medium-and long-chain subclasses with at least one fatty acyl chain composed of 3-5 carbons, 6-12 carbons, and more than 12 carbons, respectively [43]. Studies have demonstrated that consumption of medium-chain TGs is beneficial for the body by increasing energy expenditure, enhancing the expression of PPARγ and adiponectin genes in adipose tissue, stimulating fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver and regulating intestinal flora [44], while, long-chain TGs stimulate gastric inhibitory polypeptide / glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion and thereby induce obesity and insulin resistance [45,46].…”