A multimodal approach for the ecological investigation of sustained attention: A pilot study

Avirame, Keren; Gshur, Noga; Komemi, Reut; Lipskaya-Velikovsky, Lena

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.971314

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This renders them less practical for ongoing real-time monitoring. More recently, algorithms have been developed to extract real-time markers of attentional processes from single channels, necessitating short measurement times, at the scale of seconds [56,57,58,59 ▪ ,60 ▪ ,61,62 ▪ ,63,64,65 ▪ ,66,67].…”

Section: The Feasibility Of Monitoring Attention In Real-time Even Un...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraoperative EEG-based monitors: are we looking under the lamppost?

Baron Shahaf,

Shahaf

2024

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

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Purpose of review While electroencephalogram (EEG)-based depth of anesthesia monitors have been in use clinically for decades, there is still a major debate concerning their efficacy for detecting awareness under anesthesia (AUA). Further utilization of these monitors has also been discussed vividly, for example, reduction of postoperative delirium (POD). It seems that with regard to reducing AUA and POD, these monitors might be applicable, under specific anesthetic protocols. But in other settings, such monitoring might be less contributive and may have a ‘built-it glass ceiling’. Recent advances in other venues of electrophysiological monitoring might have a strong theoretical rationale, and early supporting results, to offer a breakthrough out of this metaphorical glass ceiling. The purpose of this review is to present this possibility. Recent findings Following previous findings, it might be concluded that for some anesthesia protocols, the prevailing depth of anesthesia monitors may prevent incidences of AUA and POD. However, in other settings, which may involve other anesthesia protocols, or specifically for POD – other perioperative causes, they may not. Attention-related processes measured by easy-to-use real-time electrophysiological markers are becoming feasible, also under anesthesia, and might be applicable for more comprehensive prevention of AUA, POD and possibly other perioperative complications. Summary Attention-related monitoring might have a strong theoretical basis for the prevention of AUA, POD, and potentially other distressing postoperative outcomes, such as stroke and postoperative neurocognitive disorder. There seems to be already some initial supporting evidence in this regard.

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Section: The Feasibility Of Monitoring Attention In Real-time Even Un...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraoperative EEG-based monitors: are we looking under the lamppost?

Baron Shahaf,

Shahaf

2024

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

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“…The elevator counting subtest from the TEA requires participants to count the number of simple tones of the same pitch and duration presented at irregular intervals. To the best of our knowledge, only one EEG study (Avirame et al, 2022) has used the Elevator Counting task to measure sustained attention, making it difficult to determine which ERP components to focus on. For these reasons, we did not use the SART or the TEA to measure sustained attention.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bilingualism alters the neural correlates of sustained attention.

Chung-Fat-Yim¹,

Bobb²,

Hoshino³

et al. 2023

Translational Issues in Psychological Science

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The present study examined whether monolingual and bilingual language experience—including first and second language proficiency, exposure, and age of acquisition—modify the neural mechanisms of attention during nonverbal sound discrimination. English monolinguals and Korean–English bilinguals performed an auditory two-stimulus oddball task while their electroencephalogram was recorded. Participants heard a series of two different tones (high-pitch tone vs. low-pitch tone), one of which occurred less frequently (deviant trials) than the other (standard trials), and were asked to mentally count the number of infrequent tones. We found that in the early time window, bilinguals had larger amplitudes than monolinguals in response to both standard and deviant trials, suggesting that bilinguals initially increased attention to identify which of the two tones they heard. In the later time window, however, bilinguals had a smaller event-related potential (ERP) effect (deviant minus standard trials) relative to monolinguals, suggesting that bilinguals used fewer cognitive resources for the infrequent stimuli at later stages of processing. Furthermore, across the entire sample, increased exposure to the native language led to larger early, middle, and late ERP effects. These results suggest that native language exposure shapes perceptual processes involved in detection and monitoring. Knowing more than one language may alter sustained attentional processes, with implications for perception and learning.

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Markers of too little effort or too much alertness during neuropsychological assessment: Demonstration with perioperative changes

Baron‐Shahaf,

Shahaf

2024

Brain and Behavior

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ObjectiveCognitive assessment is based on performance in different tests. However, this performance might be hindered by lack of effective effort on the one hand, and by too much stress on the other hand. Despite their known impact, there are currently no effective tools for measuring cognitive effort or stress effect during cognitive assessment. We developed real‐time electrophysiological markers for cognitive effort and for stress effect, which could be used during cognitive assessment.MethodsWe assessed these markers during the use of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before and after cardiac surgery, which is known to involve cognitive decline in up to 30%–50% of elderly patients.ResultsThe major findings of the study, for the largest group of patients, with preoperative MoCA in the intermediate range, were that the decline is significantly associated (1) with higher preoperative cognitive effort and (2) with higher postoperative stress effect during the test.ConclusionsThese findings, as well as preliminary additional ones, suggest a potential importance for monitoring cognitive effort and stress effect during assessment in general, and specifically during perioperative assessment.SignificanceEasy‐to‐use markers could improve the efficacy of cognitive assessment and direct treatment generally, and specifically for perioperative decline.

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A multimodal approach for the ecological investigation of sustained attention: A pilot study

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Intraoperative EEG-based monitors: are we looking under the lamppost?

Intraoperative EEG-based monitors: are we looking under the lamppost?

Bilingualism alters the neural correlates of sustained attention.

Markers of too little effort or too much alertness during neuropsychological assessment: Demonstration with perioperative changes

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