A multimodal imaging-guided nanoreactor for cooperative combination of tumor starvation and multiple mechanism-enhanced mild temperature phototherapy

Abstract

Phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), has shown great promise for cancer treatment in many preclinical studies. This study reports a nanoreactor designed for an enhanced mild...

Exploiting cyanine dye J-aggregates/monomer equilibrium in hydrophobic protein pockets for efficient multi-step phototherapy: an innovative concept for smart nanotheranostics

“…1,2 With the emergence of the innovative concept of oncolytic nanoreactors, PTT has gained renewed attention in the last three years, as it can be synergistically combined in cascade reactions with other therapeutic modalities as starvation, oxygenation and/or chemodynamic therapies. [3][4][5][6] Near-infrared (NIR) irradiation with wavelengths in the range of 700-1100 nm, are usually used in PTT to achieve high tissue penetration because living tissues display negligible absorbance and autofluorescence in this NIR region. 7 Among the many NIR photothermal agents available, noblemetal-based nanostructures, 8,9 carbon nanomaterials, [10][11][12] and semiconductor 13,14 nanoparticles have been extensively studied in cancer therapy.…”

A Photoresponsive Nanozyme for Synergistic Catalytic Therapy and Dual Phototherapy

“…[ 2 ] PDT employs photosensitizers and suitable excitation light to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill tumor cells, while PTT works by converting light energy into heat for localized tumor ablation through photothermal agents. [ 3 ] Extensive researches have been devoted to the development of PDT/PTT dual phototherapy strategy. [ 4 ] However, the lack of tissue penetration depth of light, especially to some deep tumor tissues, has greatly limited the development of dual phototherapy.…”

Low-Temperature Photothermal Therapy: Strategies and Applications

“…Moreover, glucose oxidase (GOx), which can catalyze glucose, O 2 , and H 2 O into gluconic acid and H 2 O 2 , has been widely used in cancer therapy [ 114 – 116 ]. In the past few years, due to the ability of GOx to achieve cancer starvation, some researchers utilized GOx to realize low-temperature PTT of tumor [ 32 , 117 , 118 ]. For instance, a nanoreactor was prepared by Cao et al to combine tumor starvation therapy with multiple mechanism-enhanced mild-temperature phototherapy for cancer treatment [ 117 ].…”

“…In the past few years, due to the ability of GOx to achieve cancer starvation, some researchers utilized GOx to realize low-temperature PTT of tumor [ 32 , 117 , 118 ]. For instance, a nanoreactor was prepared by Cao et al to combine tumor starvation therapy with multiple mechanism-enhanced mild-temperature phototherapy for cancer treatment [ 117 ]. They loaded both GOx and ICG onto the Fe-doped polydiaminopyridine (Fe-PDAP) nanozyme via electrostatic adsorption and π - π interaction to obtain the Fe-PDAP/GOx/ICG nanoreactor.…”