A Multiscale Study of Moisture Influence on the Crumb Rubber Asphalt Mixture Interface

Abstract

In order to study the influence of moisture on the interface of crumb rubber–asphalt (CR) mixture, the interface bonding performance and crack resistance of a crumb rubber–asphalt mixture under dry and wet conditions were studied at three scales. At the macroscale, the characteristics of medium temperature fatigue cracking and low temperature fracture were studied by semi-circular bending tensile test (SCB) on the example of digital image correlation (DIC) technique. At the microscale, the surface energy of CR with basalt and limestone was measured using the contact angle measurement test, and then the adhesion work was calculated and analyzed. At the molecular scale, the model of CR, the model of basalt representative mineral (augite) and limestone representative mineral (calcite) were studied by molecular dynamics simulation. The relationship between these three scales was further explored to reveal the mechanism of the damage of moisture on the interface deterioration of the CR mixture. The results show that moisture has a certain effect on the interface of the CR mixture, which is characterized by macroscopically reducing the crack resistance of the asphalt mixture, microscopically reducing the adhesion ability between the asphalt and the aggregate and weakening the interaction between the asphalt and aggregate molecules at the molecular scale. Molecular dynamics can accurately simulate the deterioration of micro asphalt-aggregate adhesion under the damage of moisture. The decrease in microadhesion leads to the decrease in the crack resistance of the macro-CR mixture.

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“…When designing and building asphalt pavements, one of the top concerns for pavement experts and other relevant transportation agencies is moisture damage. The separation of the asphalt film from the aggregate surface or a loss of cohesion within the asphalt binder, which lessens the stiffness of the asphalt mix, are the most typical symptoms of moisture damage [ [58] , [59] , [60] ]. Damages caused by moisture promote rutting, cracking, and ravelling between pavement layers.…”

“…The outcome showed that the addition of small-size CR increased the asphalt mixture's strength while only marginally enhancing its moisture resistance. Wang et al [ 60 ] investigated how moisture affected CR adherence to the asphalt mixture and correlated the interface characteristics at multiple scales. At the macroscale level, a cracking resistance test was carried out on the CR mixture.…”