“…Many processes of exploiting heavy oil have been developed and improved, such as water flooding, chemical flooding, thermal recovery, and microbial recovery (Sheikholeslami et al, 2016). Among a variety of enhanced oil recovery technologies, the thermal recovery technology has been widely used for heavy oil reservoirs (Khansari et al, 2014;Hou et al, 2016a, b), such as steam assisted gravity drainage(SAGD) (Yang et al, 2016), steam flooding (SF) (Zhao et al, 2013;Mahood et al, 2016) and cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) (Hou and Chen, 1997;Escobar et al, 2000;Bao et al, 2016), cyclic multi-thermal fluids stimulation (Hou et al, 2016c;Kuigian, 2018;Liu et al, 2018;Dong et al, 2014a, b;Dong et al, 2016). Nowadays, CSS and SF are known as the most widely used and mature technologies (Dong et al, 2012).…”